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TLC Profile and Physicochemical Parameters of Haridra Khanda

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Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: TLC PROFILE AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS of HARIDRA KHANDA � An AYURVREDIC FORMULATION
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:

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Author:

S. J. Thakkar


Ancient Science of Life:

(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)

Full text available for: TLC PROFILE AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS of HARIDRA KHANDA � An AYURVREDIC FORMULATION

Year: 2006

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Haridra Khanda is a significant polyherbomineral Ayurvedic formulation recognized for its use in treating various skin disorders such as shitapitta, udarda, kotha, utkotha, dadru, and kandu. This formulation comprises several key ingredients, including Haridra (Curcuma longa), Godugdh (³¦´Ç·É’s milk), Goghrita (³¦´Ç·É’s ghee), sugar, and several Prakshepa dravyas (additives) like Sunthi and Maricha. To establish a foundation for routine quality control of Haridra Khanda, the study detailed in the article aimed to evaluate physicochemical parameters, sugar content, and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) profiles of laboratory-prepared samples and a market sample.

Physicochemical and Sugar Content Analysis

The physicochemical analysis of Haridra Khanda involved measuring various parameters such as loss on drying, ash value, and extractive values, revealing a consistent profile between the laboratory-prepared and market samples. In addition to these parameters, a quantitative estimation of sugar content demonstrated that both samples contained similar total sugar levels�55.89% for the laboratory sample and 56.03% for the market sample. Reducing sugar content was notably higher in the laboratory sample (8.04%) compared to that in the market sample (4.65%), indicating potential variation due to natural influences in the herbal components.

Conclusion

The study successfully delineated significant physicochemical parameters and TLC profiles, which will facilitate routine quality assurance of Haridra Khanda. The findings affirm the compatibility of laboratory-prepared and market samples, with specific component analyses indicating distinctive qualities of the formulation. The established methods for assessing sugar content and chromatographic patterns represent useful tools for ensuring the authenticity and efficacy of Haridra Khanda in Ayurvedic practice. Overall, this investigation underscores the importance of standardization in herbal formulations for maintaining quality and therapeutic effectiveness.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is Haridra Khanda and its primary use?

Haridra Khanda is a polyherbomineral Ayurvedic formulation used to treat various skin disorders such as shitapitta, udarda, kotha, and kandu. Its main ingredients include Haridra (Curcuma longa), cow's milk, cow's ghee, sugar, and several herbal additives.

What are the main physicochemical parameters analyzed for Haridra Khanda?

The study analyzed several physicochemical parameters including ash value, loss on drying, acid insoluble ash, extractive values in various solvents, and volatile oil content to ensure quality control of Haridra Khanda.

How is the sugar content measured in Haridra Khanda?

Sugar content is quantitatively estimated using a titrimetric method, following standard pharmacopoeial procedures. The total sugar and reducing sugar percentages are determined from prepared samples of Haridra Khanda.

What were the findings of the TLC study on Haridra Khanda?

The TLC analysis showed that both laboratory and market samples of Haridra Khanda produced similar patterns with distinct Rf values, indicating the presence of key compounds. This profile aids in quality control and authenticity assessment.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “TLC Profile and Physicochemical Parameters of Haridra Khanda�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Haridra (HÄridra, HaridrÄ):
Haridra, also known as turmeric (Curcuma longa), is a vital herb in Ayurvedic medicine, recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Its primary active component, curcumin, contributes to various health benefits, making it an integral ingredient in formulations like Haridra Khanda for addressing skin disorders.

2) Khanda (Khaṇá¸a, Khamda, KhÄṃda):
Khanda refers to a specific form of Ayurvedic formulation. In this context, Haridra Khanda is a polyherbomineral remedy utilized for treating skin conditions. Its composition combines several ingredients, enhancing its therapeutic efficacy and highlighting traditional Ayurvedic practices in holistic healthcare.

3) Sugar:
Sugar serves as a prominent constituent of Haridra Khanda, contributing to the formulation's sweetness and potentially affecting its medicinal properties. Its quantification in the analysis underscores the importance of ingredient composition and offers insights into the formulation's balance of active and inert components.

4) Water:
Water is essential in the preparation and analysis of Ayurvedic formulations, acting as a solvent for extraction processes. In the context of sugar estimation, it aids in dissolving the components, thereby facilitating accurate measurement of extractive values and physicochemical parameters for quality control.

5) Prakshepa (Praká¹£epa):
Prakshepa refers to the additives or auxiliary ingredients used in Ayurvedic formulations to enhance their therapeutic effects. In Haridra Khanda, these ingredients play a critical role in supporting the primary action of the main herbs, comprising a blend that achieves a holistic approach to treatment.

6) Quality:
Quality assessment is vital for Ayurvedic formulations, ensuring efficacy, safety, and consistency. The study employs various physicochemical parameters and TLC profiles to establish the quality standards of Haridra Khanda, facilitating routine analysis and ensuring that the product meets expected therapeutic benchmarks.

7) Dravya:
Dravya translates to 'substance' or 'matter' in Ayurveda, encompassing all physical ingredients used in formulations. Each dravya contributes unique therapeutic properties to the formula, making their identification and analysis crucial for understanding the overall effectiveness and safety of the treatment.

8) Zingiber officinale:
Zingiber officinale, commonly known as ginger, is an integral Prakshepa dravya in Haridra Khanda. Celebrated for its digestive and anti-inflammatory properties, its inclusion enhances the formulation's therapeutic profile, offering complementary benefits for treating skin disorders and promoting overall wellness.

9) Emblica officinalis:
Emblica officinalis, commonly known as amla, is recognized as a powerful antioxidant and rejuvenating agent in Ayurveda. Its inclusion in Haridra Khanda contributes to skin health and enhances the formulation's overall efficacy, reflecting the deep-rooted principles of herbal synergy in traditional medicine.

10) Terminalia chebula:
Terminalia chebula, known as Haritaki, is a revered herb in Ayurvedic practice. It is included in Haridra Khanda for its detoxifying and digestive properties, representing the comprehensive approach of Ayurveda, where herbs are combined to achieve balanced therapeutic outcomes.

11) Cinnamomum tamala:
Cinnamomum tamala, or tamala, is utilized in Ayurvedic formulations for its aromatic and medicinal properties. In Haridra Khanda, its presence adds both flavor and therapeutic benefits, enhancing the overall effectiveness of the formulation in treating skin ailments.

12) Cyperus rotundus:
Cyperus rotundus, commonly known as Musta, is known for its astringent and anti-inflammatory properties. Its role in Haridra Khanda underscores the importance of using diverse herbs to manage skin disorders, demonstrating the holistic nature of Ayurvedic medicine.

13) Curcuma longa:
Curcuma longa, synonymous with Haridra, is the primary ingredient in Haridra Khanda. Its active component, curcumin, is pivotal for anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial action, making it a cornerstone of the formulation and a quintessential herb in Ayurvedic practice.

14) Piper longum:
Piper longum, or Pippali, is a traditional herb known for its respiratory and digestive benefits. Within Haridra Khanda, it enhances bioavailability of other herbal constituents, showcasing the synergistic approach of Ayurveda in treating skin conditions and improving overall health.

15) Lauhabhasma (Lauha-bhasma):
Lauha-bhasma, or iron ash, is a mineral preparation considered beneficial in Ayurvedic formulations. In Haridra Khanda, it is incorporated for its reportedly revitalizing properties, aiding in the treatment of skin disorders while providing iron supplementation, a critical aspect of holistic health.

16) Sukshmaila (SÅ«ká¹£mailÄ, Sukshma-ela):
Sukshma-ela refers to finely powdered cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), known for its digestive properties. In Haridra Khanda, it contributes not only flavor but also enhances the formulation’s overall effectiveness, demonstrating the intricate balance of herbs and spices in Ayurvedic formulations.

17) Shitapitta (Śītapitta, Shita-pitta):
Shitapitta is a term referring to a type of skin condition characterized by itching and discomfort, treated using remedies like Haridra Khanda. Understanding such disorders allows Ayurveda to tailor treatments that specifically address the underlying imbalances in the body.

18) Haritaki (Harītakī):
Haritaki, also known as Terminalia chebula, is revered for its detoxifying and rejuvenating qualities. Its inclusion in Haridra Khanda contributes to the formulation's efficacy by promoting digestive health and enhancing overall body balance, consistent with Ayurvedic principles.

19) Goghrita (Goghá¹›ta, Go-ghrita):
Goghrita, or cow's ghee, is a vital component in many Ayurvedic preparations, including Haridra Khanda. It acts as a carrier for the herbs' active compounds, facilitating absorption, and also provides nutritional benefits, reinforcing the holistic approach of Ayurveda towards health.

20) Sukshma (SÅ«ká¹£ma, SÅ«ká¹£mÄ, Shukshma, Śūká¹£ma):
Sukshma means 'fine' or 'subtle' in Ayurveda, often referring to the preparation methods that yield powdered forms of herbs and ingredients, enhancing their bioavailability. This concept is crucial in formulating Haridra Khanda, ensuring the components maintain their therapeutic potential.

21) Amalaki (Āmalakī, Āmalaki):
Amalaki, or Emblica officinalis, is valued for its high vitamin C content and antioxidant properties. Its role in Haridra Khanda supports immune health and skin nourishment, exemplifying Ayurveda's holistic strategy of using natural ingredients for comprehensive wellness.

22) Pippali (Pippalī, Pīppalī, Pippalin):
Pippali, known scientifically as Piper longum, is included in Haridra Khanda for its respiratory benefits and potential to enhance metabolic processes. This dynamic herb exemplifies the Ayurvedic philosophy of using synergistic ingredients to target multiple health aspects simultaneously.

23) Trivrit (Tri-vrit, Trivṛt, Trivṛṭ):
Trivrit, or Operculina turpethum, is a herbal ingredient known for its purgative properties. In Haridra Khanda, it may aid in detoxification, illustrating Ayurveda's emphasis on cleansing as vital to achieving and maintaining skin health and overall well-being.

24) Science (Scientific):
The study of formulation, including Haridra Khanda, involves scientific methods for analysis to establish efficacy and safety. Understanding the physicochemical properties and interactions of ingredients bridges traditional knowledge with modern scientific validation, enhancing credibility in Ayurvedic practices.

25) Bhasma (Bhasman):
Bhasma refers to calcinated minerals used in Ayurveda, enhancing absorption and potency. Lauha-bhasma's presence in Haridra Khanda reflects the tradition of incorporating bhasmas to leverage their unique properties for therapeutic benefits, especially in conditions requiring mineral supplementation.

26) Tamala (TamÄla):
Tamala, or Cinnamomum tamala, is added to formulations like Haridra Khanda for its aromatic qualities and health benefits. Its inclusion signifies the strategic use of aromatic herbs to enhance not only the therapeutic effects but also the sensory experience of Ayurvedic treatments.

27) Shunthi (Śuṇṭhī, Śuṇṭhi, Sumthi, Shumthi):
Sunthi, or Zingiber officinale (ginger), enhances Haridra Khanda with its warming and digestive properties. It not only aids in the bioavailability of other components but also aligns with Ayurvedic practices of using herbs to create balanced formulations for treating specific health conditions.

28) Udarda:
Udarda is a specific Ayurvedic term denoting a skin condition that may manifest as rashes or lesions. Remedies like Haridra Khanda are specifically formulated to treat such disorders, emphasizing the importance of individualized treatments in Ayurveda.

29) Dadru:
Dadru is another term for a skin condition treated in Ayurveda, characterized by itching and lesions. The inclusion of Haridra Khanda in addressing these conditions highlights Ayurveda's comprehensive approach to dermal health through herbal interventions.

30) Musta (MustÄ, Muṣṭa, Mushta):
Musta, or Cyperus rotundus, is valued in Ayurveda for its ability to balance doshas and support digestive health. Its incorporation in Haridra Khanda demonstrates how traditional formulations leverage multiple herbs for synergistic effects in promoting skin health and overall well-being.

31) Kandu (Kaṇá¸u, Kaṇá¸Å«, Kamdu):
Kandu refers to itching or skin irritation, often requiring targeted Ayurvedic treatments like Haridra Khanda. This term emphasizes the necessity of addressing specific symptoms within the context of holistic healthcare, allowing for tailored and effective remediation.

32) Lauha:
Lauha signifies iron in Ayurveda and is key in enhancing health through its mineral properties. Lauha-bhasma in Haridra Khanda exemplifies the use of minerals in Ayurvedic formulations, reinforcing the approach of combining herbs and metals for therapeutic benefit.

33) Kotha (KÅá¹­ha, Koá¹­ha):
Kotha is a term used in Ayurveda to describe particular skin conditions, similar to Udarda. The utilization of formulations like Haridra Khanda in treating such disorders reflects the deep understanding of dermal health issues within the Ayurvedic tradition.

34) Ghi (Ghī, Ghee):
Ghee, particularly cow's ghee (Goghrita), serves as a nourishing and stabilizing component in Ayurvedic formulations. Its role in Haridra Khanda enhances the absorption of herbal constituents, aligning with the Ayurvedic principle of using fats to improve efficacy and vitality of the treatment.

35) Milk:
Milk, especially when referenced as Godugdh in Haridra Khanda, serves as a nourishing medium in formulations, contributing to overall health benefits. Its inclusion reflects Ayurveda's holistic approach, where dairy components enhance the therapeutic properties of herbal remedies.

36) Drug:
In Ayurveda, a drug refers to any substance used for therapeutic purposes, including herbal and mineral components. The examination of Haridra Khanda as a drug illustrates the intricate relationships between various ingredients and their holistic healing potentials as understood in traditional medicine.

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Ayurvedic formulation, TLC study, Rf value, Market sample, Volatile oil content, Physicochemical Parameter, Haridra Khanda, Pharmacopoeial standard, Laboratory sample.

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