New Spilanthes jacq. immigrant species and 'tooth-ache plant' ID.
Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Notes on three new immigrant species of spilanthes jacq. (asteraceae) in india and the identity of the common ‘tooth � ache plant�
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:
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V. V. Sivarajan, Philip Mathew
Ancient Science of Life:
(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)
Full text available for: Notes on three new immigrant species of spilanthes jacq. (asteraceae) in india and the identity of the common ‘tooth � ache plant�
Year: 1984
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
This article presents the first descriptions of three new immigrant species of Spilanthes Jacq. (Asteraceae) found in India, alongside a discussion of the commonly utilized ‘tooth-ache plant.� Traditionally, the genus Spilanthes is divided into two sections based on the structure of their flower heads, yet recent research highlights that this classification may not be entirely adequate. The authors have identified five species of Spilanthes in India, including two native species and three newcomers, based on collections primarily from the southern states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
Taxonomic Clarification of Spilanthes
One critical insight from the article is the genus distinction and classification based on morphological characteristics. The genus Spilanthes, traditionally divided into sect. Spilanthes and sect. Acmella, has faced scrutiny due to ambiguous morphological boundaries. According to recent studies, the characteristics used to separate these two sections, such as head type and achene morphology, may not be sufficient. The authors chose to adopt a broader interpretation of Spilanthes to include the newly identified immigrant species: S. radicans, S. uliginosa, and S. ciliata. This decision stems from the lack of comprehensive Indian flora references regarding these species, which marks the need for a clearer understanding of their classification and intrinsic characteristics.
Conclusion
The research brings to light the growing diversity of the Spilanthes genus in India, which now encompasses five recognized species. The identification of these immigrant species contributes to a richer understanding of plant diversity in the region and emphasizes the importance of botanical studies in taxonomy. Additionally, the clarification of the common ‘tooth-ache plant,� often confused with S. acmella, illustrates the significance of accurate scientific classification to ensure proper identification and utilization of medicinal plants. The authors acknowledge the contributions of botanical experts in corroborating their findings, underscoring a collaborative approach in the study of biodiversity.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What are the new immigrant species of Spilanthes described in India?
The three new immigrant species described are Spilanthes radicans, S. uliginosa, and S. ciliata. These species have not been documented in any Indian Flora prior to this study.
How can the genus Spilanthes be identified?
Spilanthes can be identified by the nature of its heads. The genus comprises two sections: one with discoid heads (sect. Acmella) and one with radiate heads (sect. Spilanthes), distinguished by their pappus and achene characteristics.
What is the common use of the 'tooth-ache' plant?
Spilanthes paniculata, commonly known as the 'tooth-ache' plant, is used for its local anesthetic properties due to spilanthol content in the flower heads. Chewing the heads helps relieve toothaches.
What are the native Indian species of Spilanthes?
The native species of Spilanthes in India are S. paniculata and S. calva. The former is often mistakenly treated under the binomial S. acmella, which is more accurately classified in the genus Blainvillea.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “New Spilanthes jacq. immigrant species and 'tooth-ache plant' ID.�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the examination and deliberation of ideas or findings presented in a scientific context. In the provided text, it is vital for interpreting the significance of the new immigrant species of Spilanthes and their classifications, fostering understanding among botanists, researchers, and practitioners about plant identification and medicinal usage.
2) Pungent:
Pungent is often used to describe strong, sharp smells or tastes that evoke a significant sensory reaction. In the context of S. paniculata, known as the ‘tooth-ache� plant, its pungent flower heads contribute to its medicinal properties, which involve local anesthesia and traditional practices for alleviating dental pain.
3) Habitat:
Habitat refers to the natural environment in which a species lives and thrives. The text highlights various habitats where Spilanthes species grow, including arid areas, moist fields, and marshy places. Understanding habitat preferences helps in the conservation of these species and informs ecological studies related to plant distribution and adaptation.
4) Science (Scientific):
Science is the systematic study of the natural world through observation, experimentation, and analysis. The research presented on Spilanthes species exemplifies scientific methodologies, focusing on taxonomy, plant classification, and ethnopharmacology. Such studies contribute to the broader field of botany and our understanding of biodiversity and medicinal plants.
5) Botany:
Botany is the branch of biology that focuses on the study of plants, their physiology, taxonomy, and interactions with their environment. The article provides insights into the classification and identification of Spilanthes species, demonstrating the relevance of botany in understanding the ecological and medicinal significance of plant diversity.
6) Hand:
Hand in the botanical context can refer to the manual engagement involved in collecting specimens, examining plants, or conducting research. The authors collected specimens of Spilanthes species in different localities, emphasizing the importance of hands-on fieldwork in enhancing our knowledge of plant taxonomy and their applications in traditional medicine.
Other Science Concepts:
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