Standardisation of dikamali
Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Standardisation of dikamali
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:
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A. Anandakumar, R. Muralidharan, M. Balasubramaniam
Ancient Science of Life:
(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)
Full text available for: Standardisation of dikamali
Year: 1984
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Dikamali, a significant oleoresin drug in the Indian System of Medicine, has been identified in the market sample from Madras as the gum of Gardenia gummifera Linn. f. of the Rubiaceae family. Known for its antispasmodic, antiseptic, anthelmintic, and stimulant properties, Dikamali is used externally as a sedative on the scalp when combined with other oils. The authors embarked on a project to establish standardized analysis methods for this gum, which is vital for its application in traditional medicine.
Standardization Through Chemical Analysis
A comprehensive analysis of the gum Dikamali included macroscopical and microscopical examinations, fluorescence analysis, and chemical studies, such as thin layer chromatography (TLC). The macro-structure of the gum was characterized by irregular masses of dull olive green color, mixed with vegetative components. The analysis involved proximate chemical assessments revealing significant values for loss on drying, ash content, resin content, and other chemical properties. The TLC results, in particular, highlighted 15 distinct spots for the commercial gum under ultraviolet light, with one spot indicating the presence of Gardenin, a flavonoid and specific marker for the gum. Such analytical methodologies not only confirm the identity of the source material but also serve as standard techniques for evaluating the quality and authenticity of the drug.
Conclusion
The findings from the analysis of Dikamali establish a foundation for its standardization as a medicinal product in the Indian pharmacopoeia. The methodologies employed, including fluorescence analysis and chemical profiling through TLC, demonstrate their effectiveness in quality control and identification of herbal drugs. The research confirms that Gardenia gummifera is indeed the source of commercial gum Dikamali, underscoring the importance of standardized analytical methods to ensure the authenticity and safety of traditional medicines. Future studies are anticipated to enrich this standardization process further, contributing to the reliable use of Dikamali in herbal medicine.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Dikamali and its significance in Indian medicine?
Dikamali is an important oleoresin drug known for its antispasmodic, antiseptic, anthelmintic, and stimulant properties in Indian medicine. It is commonly used externally as a sedative on the scalp when mixed with other oils.
Which plant source is identified for the gum Dikamali?
The gum Dikamali in the Madras crude drug trade is identified as the gum of Gardenia gummifera Linn. f., belonging to the Rubiaceae family, known for its medicinal applications.
What methods were used to analyze the gum Dikamali?
The analysis included morphological and microscopical characterization, fluorescence analysis, chemical studies (proximate analysis), and thin layer chromatography (TLC), establishing standards for the gum Dikamali.
What are the key findings from the chemical studies of Dikamali?
The chemical studies revealed significant findings, including an acid value of 38.79, a saponification value of 123.49, and a resin content of 63.062%, indicating its complex composition.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淪tandardisation of dikamali鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
In the context of the document, 'Drug' refers to the gum Dikamali, identified as an important therapeutic agent in the Indian System of Medicine. It possesses multiple pharmacological properties including antispasmodic and antiseptic effects. Its classification as a drug underscores its significance in treating ailments and its study for standardization in herbal medicine.
2) Water:
'Water' is referenced in multiple contexts such as in the chemical analysis of the gum Dikamali. It is examined for its soluble extractives and is involved in various chemical reactions outlined in the process of standardization. Understanding soluble contents in water helps in the quality assessment of the medicinal gum.
3) Medicine:
'Medicine' signifies the broader field encompassing the study and application of medicinal substances, including herbal drugs like Dikamali. The document illustrates standardization methods for such drugs to validate their efficacy and safety in traditional practices of healing, thus contributing to advancements in the field of medicine.
4) Science (Scientific):
'Science' illustrates the methodology employed in the study, such as fluorescence analysis and thin layer chromatography. It underscores the application of scientific principles to analyze, test, and validate the properties of the gum Dikamali, ensuring that it meets the standard criteria for medicinal use.
5) Siddha (Siddh膩):
'Siddha' refers to an ancient system of medicine practiced in South India, which utilizes herbal preparations. The text discusses the standardization of traditional drugs like Dikamali within the context of Siddha medicine, indicating its importance in historical and cultural healing practices, while promoting further investigation and validation.
6) Discussion:
'Discussion' is the section of the text where the results of the study are interpreted. It emphasizes the significance of the findings related to the gum Dikamali鈥檚 identification and characterization, allowing researchers to communicate the implications of their analysis and detail the relevance of these results in pharmacognosy.
7) Similarity:
'Similarity' pertains to the observed equivalent properties of the commercial Dikamali gum and the authentic sample in terms of chromatography results. This concept is crucial as it establishes the identification and authenticity of the drug, validating its potential use in medicinal formulations based on comparative analysis.
8) Flavonoid:
'Flavonoid' describes a class of phytochemicals present in the gum Dikamali, specifically mentioned in relation to Gardenin. This term is significant as it pertains to the understanding of the chemical composition and biological activity of the gum, linking the structure of compounds to their therapeutic properties.
9) Tata (T膩ta, Ta峁璦, Ta峁�, T膩t膩, 峁佱弓膩):
'Tata' is not explicitly defined in the given text but, in this context, may refer to 'Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.', the publisher of a relevant reference. The inclusion indicates the academic references used for methodologies in plant microtechnique, showcasing credibility in the scientific framework of analysis presented.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: 鈥�Standardisation of dikamali鈥�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Gardenia gummifera, Indian system of medicine, Thin Layer Chromatography, Ash Content, Fluorescence Analysis, Chemical studies, Water soluble extractive, Alcohol-soluble extractive, Macroscopical characters, Soxhlet extractor, Flavonoid derivative, Proximity analysis, Volatile matter, Microscopical character.