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Essay name: Paumacariya (critical study)

Author: K. R. Chandra
Affiliation: Research institute of Prakrit, Jainology and Ahimsa Vaishali

This is a critical study of the Paumacariya: the earliest Jain version of Rama's life story, written in Prakrit by Vimalasuri dating to the 4th century AD. In this text, Rama (referred to as Padma) is depicted with lotus-like eyes and a blooming face. The Paumacariya places emphasis on the human aspects of characters rooted in Jain values, contrasting with the divine portrayal in Valmiki’s version.

Page 206 of: Paumacariya (critical study)

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External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)


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INTERVENING STORIES 177 after being reborn as TÄpasas passed through the life of Jyotiá¹£ka
devas and then were reborn as Hasta and Prahasta.
43.
The previous births of ViÅ›alyÄ and Laká¹£maṇa or the
story of AnangasarÄ and Punarvasu:
When Lakṣmaṇa received injuries on being hurt by the 'Sakti'
hurled by Ravaṇa there happened to arrive Khecara Candramaṇá¸ala
who suggested RÄma to procure the bath-water of ViÅ›alyÄ, with which
Lakṣmaṇa could be cured because he himself had been cured with it.
At this news RÄma enquired about the source of the sacred bath-water.
Candramandala replied that he himself had been told of it by Bharata.
Bharata had come to know of it from his maternal uncle Droṇamegha
when the latter's family had totally escaped while the whole country
was under the peril of epidemic. Their escape was due to the efficacy
of the bath-water of Visalyä, the daughter of Droṇamegha. Bharata
enquired of Muni Sarvahita the cause of the curative power of that bath-
water. The Muni narrated the story to the former (63.24-70) elucidat-
ing the fruits of penances. The story runs as follows in two parts :-
(A) AnangasarÄ, the daughter of Cakravartin TribhuvanÄnanda of
Pundarikavijaya was abducted by king Punarvasu of PratiṣṭhÄpura.
The abductor was chased and his chariot was broken down. AnaṃgasarÄ
fell down in a forest. She performed penances for several years.
Khecara LabdhisÄra tried to take her to her parents, but she did not
consent to his proposal because of the fear of her vows getting broken.
The matter was reported to her father who duly arrived there but found
that his daughter who was performing 'sallekhanÄ' was swallowed by a
huge serpent. At this the king renounced the world. AnangasarÄ was
reborn in a celestial abode. Punarvasu died with a resolve (nidÄna) to
get her again, hence he after passing through the life of a celestial being
was reborn as Laká¹£maṇa and AnangasarÄ as Visalya. It was on account
of the result of her previous penances that her bath-water proved to be
a panacea for various diseases.
(B) A Merchant and a Buffalo :-On further enquiry the monk
narrated the cause of the spreading of the epidemic in the whole
country.
Vindhya, a merchant of Gajapura, went to SÄketapurÄ« loading
heavily one of his he-buffaloes. That buffalo fell sick, died, and was
reborn as PavanÄsuradeva. Remembering the previous tortures
inflicted on him by the people, that Deva had polluted the air with
infectious germs.
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