Essay name: Paumacariya (critical study)
Author:
K. R. Chandra
Affiliation: Research institute of Prakrit, Jainology and Ahimsa Vaishali
This is a critical study of the Paumacariya: the earliest Jain version of Rama's life story, written in Prakrit by Vimalasuri dating to the 4th century AD. In this text, Rama (referred to as Padma) is depicted with lotus-like eyes and a blooming face. The Paumacariya places emphasis on the human aspects of characters rooted in Jain values, contrasting with the divine portrayal in Valmiki’s version.
Page 182 of: Paumacariya (critical study)
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External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
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INTERVENING STORIES 153 Manohara as Carvi and her father as HastibÄhu of HastinÄgapura.
The TSP (IV. p. 182) follows the PCV. It calls ManoharÄ as ManoramÄ
and her father as IbhavÄhana.
13. Kirtidhara, Sahadevi and Sukośala :
Purandara's son Kirtidhara married Sahadevī, princess of
Kuśasthalapura. In course of time when Kirtidhara was blessed
with a son named Sukośala, he renounced the world. Sahadevi was
not willing with her husband's renunciation. She banned the entry
of her husband Kirtidhara and other mendicants into the city to
prevent her son from being influenced by them. When Sukośala
came to learn of it, he approached Kirtidhara. After consoling his
intimidating wife VicitramÄlÄ and declaring their unborn child as
the heir to his throne, he also became a monk. In due course Sahadevī
died of 'ArtadhyÄna' and became a tigress. Bearing the previous en-
mity she tore off Sukośala to pieces, but Sukośala on account of his
pure meditation attained liberation and Kīrtidhara became omnis-
cient. The tigress remembered her previous birth at the sight of the
teeth of her son and lamented over her deeds. She observed fast for
three days and thereafter she was reborn as a celestial being (21.78
to 22.47).
The Bhattapariá¹‡á¹‡Ä (161), the MaraṇasamÄhi (466-467) and the
Samtharaga (63-64) say that Sukośala was strangled by his mother, now
a tigress. The PCR (21.140-22.100), the RPS (p.81f) and the TSP (IV.
p. 184f) agree with the PCV.
14. Naghuá¹£a and SiṃhikÄ :
Sukośala's son, Hiranyagarbha begot Naghuṣa on his wife
Má¹›gÄvatÄ«. When Naghuá¹£a was out of his kingdom to conquer the
northern region, his wife SiṃhikÄ exhibited valour by chasing away the
southern kings who had attacked her country. Duly Naghuá¹£a returned
home. He got displeased with such a behaviour of his wife as it was
against the custom of the nobles that a queen should appear in the
public. He admonished and dethroned SiṃhikÄ from the position of
a ‘mahÄdevÄ«. Once Naghuá¹£a fell ill. No physician could cure him.
On that occasion SimhikÄ with the power of her chastity cured her
husband by merely sprinkling some water over his body. At this
Naghuá¹£a restored his wife to her original status and after enthroning
his son, SodÄsa he accepted asceticism (22.50-71).
The PCR (22.101-130) adds that SimhikÄ further conquered
other kings of the south. The
The
RPS (p. 82) follows the PCR. The
TSP (IV. p. 186) agrees with the PCV.
