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Sources of Architectural Canons 259 a temple.102 The works like S奴rya-Siddh膩nta, 103 the Sidh膩nta-
艢iromani 104 and the Lilavati 105 deal exhaustively with a very
technical matter bearing upon
upon
architecture,, namely, the
description of gnomons (Sanku) which were used for finding
out cardinal points. The subject is architecturally very important
in as much as it refers to the oriention of buildings.
(ii) The Works On Architectural Canons.
The Gupta age marks the beginning of special treatises on
architecture, as far as the extant Indian works on Architecture
are concerned.
Indian architecture is classified into three broad divisions
of styles namely, N膩gara, Dr膩vida and Vesara. In its intitial
stage of development Indian Architecture did not bother about
watertight classification of styles as suggested above. The
艢ulbha-s奴tras and the manifold injunctions found in Grhya and
艢rauta Sutras regarding the Puja-Vastu-the altars and Sadas,
their layouts, proportionate measurements and materials etc.
formed the guiding code for the sthaptis and the sth膩pakas of
the old. But as time passed and current of architecture took
an independent course it become an independent theme for
producing independent manuals of the Sastra and there was a
great line of Acharyas forthcoming. The whole code was
Brahmanised and our great gods 艢iva, Vis峁噓 and Brahma were
made primary source from whence the V盲stuvidy膩 i. e. the
science of architecture is revealed. No divine lore could remain
unpassed to the Asuras hence the two schools flourished side
by side. Thus their course of V膩stu-vidy膩 gave rise to two
distinct styles namely Dravida and Nagara, the former belonging
to the school of Maya flourishing in South beyond the
Vindhyas and latter rising from the school of Vi艣vakarm膩
102 Laghu-艢ilpa-Jyoti峁�-S膩ra, 3鈥�
103. Ch. II. 1-4
104. Ch. VII, 36-49.
105. Part II Ch. II, Section VII