Social Folk customs of the Sonowal and Thengal Kacharis
by Suravi Gohain Duwarah | 2022 | 50,902 words
This essay studies the customs and folk traditions of the Sonowal and Thengal Kacharis of Assam—both of Mongoloid origin and part of the Tibeto-Burman linguistic family. These tribes possess rich customs, traditions, and oral histories. This study explores the similarities and differences between the Sonowal and Thengal Kachari tribes by emphasizin...
Glossary
Aai � Goddess
Aathmongola � A ritual of marriage
Agoli kolpaat � Plantain leaf
Ahin � Assamese calendrical month
Ahot paat � Peepul leaf
Akhoi guri � Powder of parched rice
Akhoi phutua � Process of preparing the parched rice
Akhoi � Parched rice
Akon � Swallow wart
Alokhoni � Kind of witch/spirit which disturbs the bowl
Alua rangar kukura � Red hen
Anguli Pitha � A type of traditional rice cake of the shape of a finger
Aunipaan � Type of betel creeper
Baghdhekia � A type of fern
Bam meteka � A type of hyacinth
Banshas � Lineage
Barik � Headman among 20 household of a village
Basare basare barhi ja � As years roll on let the growth take place
Bastra � Cloth
Bati � Bowl
Batolu guti � Clay pellet/Small Earthen ball
Bator jeng bipod apod dur houk � Let the unseen hurdles in life be removed
Bei � Place of bathing the bride or the groom
Bel paat � Leaves of a wood apple
Betgaj � Cane shoot
Betupaat � Kind of leaf
Bez � A person who does magico-religious treatment
Bhakats � Devotee of God
Bhapot diya sawal � Steamed rice
Bhar � Load
Bhat dimoru guti � Seed of a tree
Bhimkol � A variety of banana
Bhoral � Barn
Bhujoni � Eatables offered on special occasions
Bihu � A traditional festival of the Assamese society celebrated by all caste and communities living in Assam
Biya naam � Marriage songs
Bogori jeng � Twigs and branches of thorny plum plant
Bohaag � First month of Assamese calendrical year
Bon Debota � God of the Jungle
Bhoot jora mantro � Magical charms for chasing ghosts
Bor tengesi � A sour plant
Bora chawal � A variety of rice (usually sticky)
Borghor � Main house in a traditional Assamese house
Borpitha � Traditional Assamese rice cake
Borsaang � A bamboo structure hang above the fireplace in the kitchen
Bos � A type of herb
Brahmi � A type of herb
Chadar � A cloth used as a dress of woman
Changi � Bamboo frame used for carrying the corpse
Cheleng Chador � A traditional piece of cloth
Choitra � An Assamese calendrical month
Choraghor � Outside sitting room
Choru � Utensil used for cooking
Da � Chopping sword
Dhari � Traditional mat
Dheki thura � Pestle
Dheki Xal � Shed where the pounding pedal is kept
Dheki � Pounding Pedal
Dhip � Earthen mound
Dhol � Traditional drum
Dhuliya bheti � An open ground where bihu dance is performed
Dhup � A type of ball made from cloth
Doha � Death ritual observed on the 10th day
Dola/Kula � Tray like rounded wicker work used for keeping paddy
Dubori bon � Kind of grass
Dul � Thread with magical charms
Dung � Vessel made of banana sheath
Dunori � A basket made of bamboo
Dupor tenga � A kind of acidic herb
Ekhetiya � Dress of woman
Era guti � Castor seed
Gamusa � Traditional Assamese towel
Garu � Pillow
Gathiyon � A kind of aromatic medicinal plant
Gayon Bayan � A group of folk singers usually performed during rituals and special occasions
Ghai � The centre pole
Ghatuyoi � Ferryman
Ghila pitha � A variety of rice cake
Ghila � Seed of Sea Bean (disc shaped seed of a plant)
Ghoti � Brass pot
Gor � Piece of log
Gorokhiya � A boy who looks after the cowherds
Goru bihu � First day of Bihu where cow is worshipped
Goru � Cow/Bull
Gosa � A stand for placing the lamp
Guhali � Cowshed
Gur � Molasses
Guriyal � Leader
Gutung sula � Traditional shirt of Sonowal Kachari male
Gyati kharidiya � Custom of putting fire wood into the burning pyre of a dead by kith and kins and people present in the cremation ground
Gyati � Kinsman
Halodhi � Turmeric
Hamuk � Snail
Hasoti � A small piece of cloth used of tying betel nut
Hauguri Tula � Customs of marriage
Hedali � A hurdle or network of split bamboo used as a shelf
Heta � A ladle
Hetamari � A ladle
Hijua kol � Boilded banana
Hogphul � Type of flower
Juit pori nomoribi � Not to die by burning
Hukan masor hukoti � Powder of dried fish
Hukan puthimas � A variety of dried fish
Hukloti � A type of herb
Ikora � A variety of reed
Jakoi � A type of bamboo instrument used for catching fish
Jalor tukura � Piece of fishing net
Jamuk gos � Blackberry tree
Jamuk kath � Blackberry wood
Jamuk � Blackberry fruit
Janoni Diya � Information
Japi � Wicker hat serving as an umbrella
Jara-phuka � Magical charms
Jathi-jung � Spear and bamboo weapon
Jeura � Fencing made of bamboo
Joha chawal � Variety of aromatic rice
Jori paat � Banyan leaf
Jujona � Prelude of a bihu song
Jur � Lighted torch
Kaaj � Death ritual observed on the eleventh/ thirteenth/ one month
Kahi � Dish
Karmi � Workers
Kati � An Assamese calendrical month
Kehraj � A type of herb
Kerahi � Pan
Kesa mythoi � Unbaked rice flour balls
Kesa pithaguri � Unbaked rice flour
Kesheru � A type of tree
Khaji � Eatables collected from the jungle
Khar � Traditional alkaline water
Kharahi � A type of bamboo basket
Kharika � Split bamboo piece
Khel � Clan
Kheror jumuthi � Lighted braided wisp of straw
Khoniya Kapur � Traditional cloth
Khorom � Slippers made from wood
Khuba Khubuni � A ritual during marriage function
Khuliya � A person who plays the music instrument known as ‘Khul�
Khundana � Small mortar for pounding things
Koldil � Spadix of banana
Kolosi � A vessel made from brass
Kona himolu � A type of herb
Konai � A ritual in puberty ceremony
Koni Junj � A traditional game of hitting eggs of duck or hen during Bohag bihu
Kopou � Dove
Korkora bhat � Rice of the previous night
Korobi � A kind of flower
Kosu jaal � Custom of feeding the mother with taro leaves, peeper, fish or meat cooked together after the birth of a child
Kosu � Taro plant
Kotari � Knife
Koupat � A type of leaf
Kukur Xuta � Kind of wood
Kukura junj � Kind of traditional game (Cock fight)
Kukura petu � Entrails of a hen
Kumura � A Gourd variety
Lakhimi ona � Custom of bringing the paddy to the house
Lakhimi Singa � Custom related to harvesting
Lakhuti � Walking stick
Lau kha benega kha � Have gourd and brinjals
Luka Luki � Hide and seek (A Folk game)
Maah Prasad � Offerings to a diety
Maan daan � Custom of gifting different items during marriage
Maar hour baper hour � Both mother and father are small in size
Maas-bhat sua � A custom related to death where meal is served with fish
Mahalaya � The day which heralds the advent of Goddess Durga to the earth
Mahudi lota � A kind of herb
Mala gatha � Process of making a garland
Manda � A sword used for sacrificing
Maral � Design made with rice powder
Maralghor � Inner apartment of a house
Mati Kanduri � A type of herb
Mejenga � A type of herb
Mekhela � Dress worn by woman in the lower part of the body
Mera bhat � Fermented rice used for making rice beer
Mesaki � A type of herb
Methoni � Piece of cloth tied around the breast of a woman
Mogu � A bean variety
Mola � Round small earthen vessel
Mridongiya � Use of a particular musical instrument called �Mridanga�
Mukh loga mantro � Magical charms to get rid of evil eyes
Mukhagni � Custom performed during cremation of a dead
Mukhloga � Influence of evil eyes
Naam kirtan � Group of devotees of God perform naam or prayers to God
Na-guj-lua � Custom practiced before the cultivation work starts
Nai � Umbilical chord
Na-Purush � Ancestors upto ninth generation
Narji � Marigold
Nephaphu � A type of herb
Nimakh � Salt
Nolsunga � A type of reed can
Nolor sungare dusunga � Two tubes measured by reed can
Norohingho � A kind of medicinal plant
Nuai Tuloni biya � Ceremony of puberty rites of a girl child
Omora � Hog plum tree
Oza � Man who cures ailments by incantation
Panipota � Eaves drop
Panit pori nomoribi � Not to die by drowning
Patidoi � Type of reed
Patot diya pitha � A type of traditional rice cake wrapped in banana leaf
Pengeri lata � A type of creeper herb
Pepa � Traditional musical instrument
Pera � Wooden box
Petu � Entrails
Phalguna � An Assamese calendrical month
Pinda � Oblation to the deceased person
Pira � Wooden stool
Pithaguri � Rice flour
Pitika � Mashed eatables
Pokhoru tung � Lining of the cloth in which betel nut is carried
Poroli � Covering made of grass or thatch
Pota guti � A stone used for crushing eatables
Pujari � Priest
Pura kol � A banana variety usually used as vegetable
Randhoni � Cook
Randhoni ghor � Kitchen
Rans � Reed of an Assamese loom
Robab Tenga � A Citrus fruit variety
Robha � Temporary roof for celebration
Rohi mod � A variety of rice beer
Sabah � Holy rituals
Sai � Ash
Saki � Earthen lamp
Sal � Place of worship
Sandoh � Coarse powder of parched rice
Sasthi � The sixth day of Durga puja
Sati � Umbrella
Sengeli maas � A type of fish
Sesu � A sharp split piece of bamboo
Sesur � A type of tree
Sewa bhat � Steamed rice
Shakti � Power
Sua � Impurity
Suddhi Sabah � Purification ceremony
Sunga Sawal � Steamed rice made in bamboo can
Sutal � Courtyard
Tabiz � Amulet
Tamul gos � Betel nut tree
Tamul paan � Betel nut and leaf
Tang guti � A kind of folk game
Tel pitha � A variety of rice cake
Thereju � A type of fruit
Thuriya Tamul � Rolled up betel nut in betel leaf
Til � Sesame
Tilani � Death ritual observed on the 3rd day
Tiphai � Altar
Tithi � Anniversary
Toi hobi bor bor goru � You grow to be a huge cow
Tolxora mod � A variety of rice beer
Tomal � Bamboo split used for tying bundle of paddy
Tongloti paat � A type of leaf
Tora � Kind of wild cardamon plant
Tora pogha � A rope prepared from a tora plant to tie cattle
Tum � A type of bamboo basket
Tupula bondha � Custom of wrapping betel nut and leaf for a sacred purpose
Ulu kher � A type of reed
Uposthar � Male organ
Uroni � Tradition of covering the head of a woman with a cloth
Uruli � Shrilling sound made by woman in some rituals
Vijaya Dashami � Tenth Day of Durga puja
Xalita � Cotton used for lightning earthen lamp
Xanti Jal � Purified water
Xarana � Initiation into a particular religious faith
Xarkota bon � Kind of grass
Xereka � Traditional rice beer of Thengal Kacharis
Xilikha � Terminalia Chebulla fruit
Xohoya bon � Kind of grass
Xorai � Tray mounted on a base