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啶�啷佮ぐ啶距ぃ啶�啷� - [pur膩峁嘺m - ] 笔鲍搁膧狈础
[Vol. VI., No. 1
The name of Agnim膩峁環ara occurs along with that of Ba峁�kala
in the Brhad-devat膩.鹿 Other variations of this name are
Agnim膩tara, Agnimitra and Agnim膩岣峢aka.
The fourth Subdivision of the Ba峁�kalas is J膩tu-kar峁噛a. A
grout diversity is seen about this name. Generally, the Puranas
refer to the Yajnavalkya-Sakha as the fourth subdivision. Only
in a manuscript of the Visnu-Purana the name J膩tukar峁噛a occurs,虏
In the 艢r墨madbh膩gavata J膩t奴kar峁噛a is regarded as a pupil of
Sakalya. A J膩t奴kar峁噛a was present in the court of Yudhisthira."
Nothing remains of these Sakh膩s.
The M盲n岣島k盲yana-Sakh盲
According to the Cara峁嘺vyuha, M盲峁囜笉uk盲yana is one of
the five 艢膩kh膩s of the gveda. Panini has cited this name
repeatedly. The authority of Mandukya is cited in the beginning
of the RK-Pr膩ti艣膩khya. The Aitareya-Aranyaka, too, cites the
opinion of M膩峁囜笉ukeya. The A艣val膩yana and Sankh膩yana
Grhya Sutras enumerate this name among their Ac膩ryas."
The Puranic tradition has shed some light on Ma峁囜笉奴keya.
It regards him the founder of a gvedic school. According to the
Bhagavata, he was a R峁�i and poet. The Rgveda-Samhita was
entrusted to him by Indrapramati, who was a pupil of Paila. The
Visnu-Purana also gives the same information." Matsya-Purana
regards him as founder of a Bhargava-family (gotra-k峁泃). In the
Brahmanda-Pur膩峁嘺 this name occurs as Manduki." At another
place the same Purana regards him as a pupil of Krta. In the
Sankhayana-Aranyaka he is said to be a resident of Magadha.
From these descriptions the antiquity of M盲nd眉keya may
be deduced. In the Aitareya-Aranyaka the name of M膩峁囜笉奴keya
occurs frequently in those parts of the Aranyaka which are
unanimously attributed to Mah墨d膩sa Aitareya (the fourth and
2. Pt. Bhagavaddatta, Vaidika Van-
maya Ka Itihasa-P., 197.
1. Brhad-devat膩, 8. 85.
3. Bhag., XII. 6. 58.
4.
Sabh膩parva, 4. 14.
5. Panini, IV, 1. 10.
6.
Ait. 膧r., III. 1. 1; III. 4. 4.
7.
As. Gr., III. 4. 4.
8.
Bhag.; XII. 6. 58.
10. Brahamanda, P., II. 33. 6.
9. Visnu, III. 4. 10.
Jan., 1964] SA泻HAS OF RGVEDA IN THE PUR膧峁咥S
107 the fifth Aranyakas are thought to have been written by
A艣val膩yana and Saunaka respectively). Hence it is certain that
Mandukeya preceded Mah墨d膩sa Aitareya. On the other hand,
according to the Puranas Vedamitra 艢akalya was a pupil of
Maud奴keya. Thus, it is also probable that the M膩峁囜笉奴keya-
S膩kh膩 was established earlier than that of Sakalya It can also
be surmised that the Mandukeya is one of the earliest schools of
the Rgveda. Only one text of this Sakha, called M膩峁囜笉uki-艢ik峁Ｄ�
is available. But in the opinion of Prof. Max M眉ller it is a later
辫谤辞诲耻肠迟颈辞苍.鹿
The A艣valayana-Sakh膩
In the Agni-Pur膩峁嘺 only two 艢膩kh膩s of the Rgveda
are enumerated, the Sankh膩yana and the A艣valayana. According
to the Cara峁嘺vyuha of Saunaka, the A艣val膩yana-Sakha is one
of the five schools of the Rgveda. In the view of the Vik峁泃i-
Kaumudi it is one of the five subdivisions of the Sakalas. But
this view lacks validity, as it is nowhere else included among
the five S膩kh膩s of the Sakalas.
The word A艣vala is referred to by Panini. Pur膩峁嘺s have
no adequate knowledge about A艣valayana. According to the
Vayu-Purana an Asvalayana was the son of Sahi峁ａ箛u and incar-
nation of the Lord. Reference has been made to A艣valayaninah in
the Matsya-Pur膩峁嘺, where they are regarded as the Kasyapa-
gotrak膩ras." The Mahabharata is acquainted with an A艣val膩yana
who is said to be one of the sons of Visvamitra.
No Samhita of this 艢膩kh膩 is available. But there are
certain documents which prove the existence of a separate
Asvalayana-Samhita. They may be summed up thus: (1) In
the MSS. of Walker's collection, there is a work entitled A艣va-
l膩yana-艢ahhokta-Mantra-Samhita which contains the hymus as
required for the Grhya of Asvalayana.
1. History of Ancient SKT. Lit., P., 75.
2. 啶�啷囙う啶� 啶多ぞ啶傕�栢ぞ啶�啶ㄠざ啷嵿�氞�堗�� 啶嗋ざ啷嵿げ啶距く啶ㄠう啷嵿さ啶苦い啷�啶�啶曕�� 啷� [bheda岣� 艣膩峁僰h膩yana艣caika 膩艣l膩yanadvit墨yaka岣� | ] Agni P. 271.2.
3. 啶膏�嵿ぅ啶苦ぐ啶�- 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶距す啷嵿ぎ啶�-啶氞�熰��-啶�啶︵�� 啶呧さ啶�.... | [sthiraka- br膩hma峁嘺-ca峁璦ka-badara avala.... | ] Nadadih.
4. Vayu, 23. 213.
5. Matsya, 199. 6.
6. Anusasana-Parva, 4.54