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The aim of Ayurveda is two-fold- to preserve the
health of the body and to cure the patient of his disease.
Any disturbance in the normal proportion of the five Bhutas
which go to make up the whole body, constitutes a disease.
But a change in this proportion may take place in an infinite
number of ways, causing an infinite variety of diseases. On
the other hand, there is an infinite variety of Panchabhautika
matter, each different from the other. So it is certain that
we can select a particular kind of matter to get rid of a
particular kind of disease, because, for any abnormal propor-
tion of the five Bhutas in the body, we can find out a
particular substance in which the proportion of the Bhutas
is just the opposite. This latter substance, when used as a
medicine, which is used in the form of six Rasas which are
also Panchabhutika, will bring about the normal condition
again. We thus see that there is no substance in this universe
which cannot be used as a medicine (Cf CS.Su.26:12).
In practice, it is quite impossible to ascertain
the numberless indirect causes that produce a disease, so
the Ayurvedists adopted a similar method; they said that the
body is composed of Dosa, Dhatu and Mala (SS.Su.15:3; Cf. A.H.
Su.11). The Dosasa are three namely Vayu, Pitta and Kapha.
Without their association no disease is possible. The Dosas
are, in fact, the direct cause of disease. It is the Vayu,
Pitta and Kapha which are the causes of the production,
preservation and destruction of the body.