Essay name: Goddesses from the Samhitas to the Sutras
Author:
Rajeshri Goswami
Affiliation: Jadavpur University / Department of Sanskrit
This essay studies the Goddesses from the Samhitas to the Sutras. In short, this thesis examines Vedic goddesses by analyzing their images, functions, and social positions. It further details how natural and abstract elements were personified as goddesses, whose characteristics evolved with societal changes.
Chapter 2
64 (of 112)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
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I am she that is the naturall mother of all things,
mistresse and' governesse of all the Elements, the initiall
progeny of worlds, chiefe of powers divine, Queene of
heaven, the principall of the Gods celestiall, the light
of the goddesses : at my will the planets of the ayre, the
wholesome winds of the Seas, and the silences of hell be
disposed, my name, my divinity is adored throughout all
the world in divers manners, in variable customes and in
many names, for the Phrygians call me the mother of the
Gods # the Athenians, Minerva i the Cyprians, Venus :
the Candians, Diana : the Sicilians Proserpina # the
Eleusions, Ceres: some Juno, other Ballone, other Hecate
s and principally the Ethippians which dwell in the Orient,
and the Egyptians which are excellent in all kind of ancient
doctrine, and by their proper ceremonies accustome to worship
201 mee, doe call mee Queene Isis.
Stella Kramrisch also believes Aditi to be a form of the
Great Goddess. She says:
46 She is comprehensive because, as her name reveals, she is
boundless. More even than that she is anything, she altogether
is. In that boundless fulness, she is the Mother. 'In the
highest heaven, non-being and being are in the lap of Miti'
(RV X.5.7). Non-being and being, the abyss and life, lie
side by side in her transcendental womb. Being unbounded,
having no limits, who can discern them 7 When born, only
Aditi knows their identity as she knows her own, for 'Aditi
is the sky, Aditi is the air, Aditi is the mother, the father,
the son, all the gods, all the fire kinds of beings, Aditi
is what is born and what will be born' (1.89.10).
81 Lucius Apuleius, "The Golden Asse, � tr. by William Addington,
Anno 1566, pp. 219�220.
