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Baladeva Ratha the poet of eighteenth century is popularly known by the name Kavisurya. The life and poetic practice of Baladeva Ratha was collected

by Kulamani Ratha and published by him for the first time. Later many scholars followed him and researched other new information about Kavisurya and his works. Baladeva Ratha, the third child of Ujjvala Ratha was born on the date of Pancami, the month of Magha (December/January) in 1779 which differs according to different scholars. His education was started by his father and after the death of his mother he was taught by his maternal grandfather who was a learned and expert in tantric practice. When Baladeva was fifteen years. old his father selected a girl at Puri the daughter of Ramakrsna Mishra as his daughter-in-law. After the five/seven months of his marriage his father was left this world. When Baladeva was eighteen, the king of Jalantara (a small state of that time in southern part of present Odisha) called him to discuss about the traditional text in his court by hearing his poetic compositions. Then the poet started his carrier with identification and the merit appreciating king followed the royal tradition by giving the title of KAVISURYA to Baladeva Ratha. Since that day the poet is recognized by that title only after his name. Keeping the request, he has started a poem named after the adopted daughter of that king. But the princess could not alive more and the poet left his composition incomplete. Baladeva was played the role of a minister at that time in Jalantara. Then he was invited by the king of Athagada (another small state of the nineteenth century) and went there to discuss with another royal scholars and court-poets. He was praised there and set out for Puri to search a son-in-law. He was sung the Odia songs of his own composition and praised by the king Mukunda Deva (ruler of Puri at that time) inside the temple of Lord Jagannatha. The king also accepted the title of Kavisurya and honored the poet 7

in front of the deities by giving a ritual saree. Baladeva composed a prayer of Lord Jagannatha in Sanskrit which was given as a task by the king of Puri. After that the king of Puri honoured him as his court poet and ordered to give many royal facilities to Baladeva. The poet returned again to Jalantara but after the death of the king Ramachandra he came to Athagada with family and lived there. He got a place for practicing musical songs with the co-operation of singers. He also achieved success in the competition of the Telugu and Odisi style of music. A legend is heard that by hearing both the music performed there a deer was attracted to the place of performance. Baladeva was also engaged as a tutor and manager of another state Mahuri by Robert Alexander Bannerman (1838-43), a British administrator of that time. But due to conspiracy prevailed there; he resigned from that state and returned to Athagada again. He left this material world in 1845 or in 1840 according to different opinions. In short the period of Baladeva Ratha as follows. 1779: Born in Vijayanagara (a city now in Andhrapradesh) 1786: Death of his mother 1796: Marriage 1797: Death of his father 1798: Set out for Jalantara 1800: Started poetic composition. 1805: Received the title of "Kavisurya" 1811: Introduced in Athagada. 1815: Honoured by the king Mukunda Deva of Puri. 1822: Engaged as manager of Mahuri. 1830: Tutor and Dewan of Paralakhemundi. 8

1840: End of his life 0.6 Works of Kavisurya Kisoracandranandacapmu. It is the magnum opus of Kavisurya Baladeva Ratha based on the traditional Vaisnava literature that is the theme of Radha and Krsna. It is a bi-lingual poem of Sanskrit and Odia. Candrakala : This poem is named after the princes of Jalantara and due to her death, the work remained incomplete. Ratnakaracampu/Caupadi: It is composed in Caupadi-cautisa style in Odia. Hasyakallola : It is a comedy creation meant for the amusement of the king of Athagada and his courtiers. Small Poems (Caupadis) :The poet has composed small poems, songs in caupadi style along with devotional poems more than five hundred in number. The songs of Kavisurya bears his identification and regarded as the secured property of Odisi music. t