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[Full title: (E) The distinctive sacramental features, Part 3; (2) Inclusion of sacrifices in 48 Samskaras].

The Gautama Dharmasutra (1/8/14-22), Sankha (quoted in S.C., p.13) etc. S.C.,p.13) mention forty sacraments. The vaikhanasa smart S. (I. I) speaks of 18 sarira samskaras & twenty-two yajnas (i.e.21 kinds of sacrifices + pancamahayajnas as one). Mm. P. V. Kane remarks, "Most of the Grhyasutras, Dharmasutras & surtis do not enumerate so many" 1 But Sankaracarya (Brahma-sutra 3/4/34) 2 refers to forty-eight samskaras the highest number of them ever known. No modern scholar including Mm. P. V.Kane, has ever taken notice of this fact. However while commenting upon the above statement of Sankaracarya, Anandagiri² has enumerated the fortyeight Samskaras. But they are not yet traced 3 in any of the available texts of Grihyasutra , Dharmasutra , & Smrtis. Among Nibandhas the Vidhanaparijata contains a single verse ascribed to Yama, in which 48 samskaras are referred to. The same work 4 contains two verses from the author's own collection, in which the fortyeight Samskaras are enumerated. The three kinds of yajnasms thas each consisting of 7 kinds of sacrifies are included among them. 3) SAMSKARAS MENTIONED IN THE TEXT : 1 Names (1) Garbhadhana (2) Pums avana (3) Simantonnayana (4) Jatakarma, (5) Namakarma (6) Annaprasana (7) Karnavedha (8) Cudakarma, (9) Aksararambha (10) Upanayana, Upakarma (11) Vedavratas, Jova

736 (12) Godana (13) Vivaha (14) Paitrmedhika i.e. Antyesti & sraddhas (15) 7 Pakayajnas (16) 7 Haviryajnas (17) 7 Soma yajnas (18) Langalayojanam.