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Vātsyāyana's Kamasutra, which is placed not later than
the fourth century A. D., definitely refers to the Avi is
strongly against Dr. Raja's assertion, as Bhavabhūti, the
author of the Malati Madhava, is certainly not earlier
than the seventh century A. D.' Internal evidence also
does not support the view; it is almost unlikely and
against the nature of things and the accepted principles of
human conduct and progress that the later writer should
always show bad judgment. The relationship between
the Car and the Mrcch is an illustration in point.
PRATIM?.
Title. This drama is based on the Rāmāya?a, but
any one familiar with the epic would not be able to come
at any particular incident that the name signifies since it
is wholly invented by the poet. Bharata, who comes from
the court of his maternal uncle at the urgent call from
Ayodhyā and is resting for a while outside the city, is told
all the details of the tragic and cruel death of his father
very skilfully through the erection of the statue-house
(Pratima-g?ha) in which an image or life-size statue
(pratima) of Dasaratha is placed along with his three
ancestors. It is said that the statues of only dead kings
were erected. Bharata thus learns of the sad event without
being directly told about it, and also comes to know the
important part played by his mother in that incident.
The play is called the Pratimā Nā?aka or the Statue
Drama because of the important part played by the
statues. Prof. Dhruva suggests that Pratima Dasaratha
is the original name of the drama and that the Pratima
is its mere contraction. But there is no manuscript
evidence in support of this view.
2 Plot. After reciting the benedictory stanza in which
the names of the principal dramatis persona are
introduced, the stage-manager calls his mistress and asks
her to sing a song of the autumn. The mistress
66 1 Cf. Banerji Sastri, JBORS, 1923, p. 55-57; Chakladar, Social Life in
Ancient India, p. 33. 2 So, Ganapati Sastri and others. Prof. Dev dhar
(Pratima, Poona, 1930, Intr., p. XI) suggests that the drama may have been named
Pratima as Bharata is represented as the very pratima of Dasaratha', and very
similar to Rāma so as to create illusions on various occasions in the minds of
Devakulika, Sumitra, Lak?ma?a, Sit? etc. Prof. Chaphekar (Mauj, Marathi
Weekly, Bombay Divāli Number, 1931, p. 18) also sees the same subtle meaning in
the Pratima." 3 Pratima, Ahmedabad, Intr., pp. 12-13; also Svapnani Sundari,
1923, p. 23 No. 41.
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