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In the Matsya Purana 3³ the palace of the king is said to be of five kinds. The best of them is 108 cubits in width, and the others are 100, 92, 84 and 76 cubits respectively. Their length is greater than the breadth by a quarter i.e., (135, 125, 115, 105 and 95 cubits). The width of the Yuvaraja's 34 houses should be 80, 74, 68, 62 and 56 cubits respectively and their length exceeds the breadth by a third. The dimensions of the houses of the younger princes should be half those of the Yuvaraja's. The five kinds of houses of a commander-in-chief 35 are recommend 64, 58, 52, 46 and 40 cubits respectively in width, and their length exceeds the width by a 36 sixth. The Matsya Purana says that the prime-minister's house should be 60, 56, 52, 48 and 44 cubits in width and their length exceeds their breadth by an eighth. The Matsya Purana further says that the houses of captains and other ministers should be 48, 44, 36 and 32 cubits respectively wide and their length should be one and one-fourth of the breadth. The houses of the

179 architects, artisans, sentries, concubines are also of five kinds. The best one is 28 hands in breadth and the remaining four are 26, 24, 22, and 20 hands. Their length is twice their breadth. The quarters of the maids, etc., will be 12 hands in length, the remaining four can be made 2 1/2 hands less each respectively. Their length should be one and one-fourth of the breadth. 37 The five kinds of houses of the astrologer, preceptor, physician, councillor and priest has been described in the Matsya Purana The best of their houses are 40 hands in breadth and the remaining four are 36, 32, 28 and 24 cubits respectively. 38 In the Matsya Purana the dimensions of houses for the different classes or varnas are also described. The width of the houses of Brahmanas and other four classes ranges from 32 cubits to 16 cubits, each being reduced by 4 cubits; i.e. Brahmanas have five houses with 32 cubits and below, Ksatriyas have four with 28 cubits, 24, 20 and 16 cubits for their width; Vaisyas, three with 24, 20 and 16 cubits; and Sudras two with 20 and 16 cubits. The houses of the lower castes are to be upto sixteen hands wide. The length of the houses for the four classes should exceed the breadth by a tenth, eighth, sixth and fourth respectively. 39 The Matsya Purana further says that the house of a Brahmana should be 36 hands and seven angulas long. He ought never to discard the above

180 figures and follow other dimensions. Similarly the length of the house of a Ksatriya ought to be 36 hands and 10 angulas and that of a Vaisya ought to be 35 hands and 13 angulas. The measurement of a Sudra's house ought to be as previously mentioned and fifteen angulas more. The Matsya Purana says that the king should have his own residence between the capital and the house of the commander-in-chief and at the same place should be built the store-room. The houses of the Brahmanas should be round the mansion of the commander-in-chief. Besides these, the sleeping rooms of other lower men and those residing in the forest are to be fifty hands long. Similarly the sleeping-rooms of the king and the commander-in-chief are to be seventy hands long. Within 35 hands from that, the outer verandah is to be laid.4 41 The Matsya Purana further points out that if the building be divided into three parts where there is a road-way in the first (front) part and whose back side is elevated and beautiful, it is named sosnisa, where there is a roadway on one side, that is named savastambha and where there are roadways all round the building that is named susthita. All these buildings are auspicious to the Brahamanas and three other classes.