Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.12.2
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.12.2:
啶曕啶掂啶苦い啷� 啶膏ぞ啶оえ啶啶掂ぞ啶膏 啶曕啶掂啶苦い啷嵿い啶膏啶� 啶掂た啶多啶粪ぃ啶 啷�
啶膏ぞ啶оえ啶� 啶むい啷嵿ぐ 啶曕ぐ啷嵿ぎ啶距う啶� 啶掂啶啷嵿い啶掂ぞ啶氞 啶掂た啶多啶粪ぃ啶 啷� 啷� 啷�kvacit s膩dhanamev膩sau kvacittasya vi艣e峁峁嘺m |
s膩dhana峁� tatra karm膩di vyaktav膩co vi艣e峁峁嘺m || 2 ||2. Sometimes, it is nothing more than the 鈥榤eans鈥� itself and sometimes it is a qualification of it. By 鈥榤eans鈥� the object (karma) etc. are meant and articulate utterers are the qualification.
Commentary
[In expressions like pacyate, gamyate, it is the 鈥榤eans鈥� called karma expressed by the 腻迟尘补苍别辫补诲补 suffix which is the upagraha. By 鈥榚tc鈥�., agent and action (产丑腻惫补) are meant. The agent can be expressed by both the substitutes of la, the 腻迟尘补苍别辫补诲补 and the parasmaipada suffixes. Action (产丑腻惫补), on the other hand, can be conveyed only by the 腻迟尘补苍别辫补诲补, as in 腻蝉测补迟别 and 艣补测测补迟别. In these two examples, the 产丑腻惫补 or action conveyed by the suffix is looked upon as a means because it is external (产丑腻惫补) being conveyed by the suffix and it makes clear that the internal action conveyed by the root remains within itself as it is not connected with another means conveyed by the same word. When the speakers are articulate, it qualifies their utterance which is the meaning of the root, as in sampravadante br膩hma峁嚹佱弗, but ultimately, it qualifies the utterer also.]