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Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 2.279:

啶椸�嬥く啷佮し啷嵿ぎ啶ㄠ�嵿ぎ啶灌い啶距�� 啶氞�嵿さ啷嵿く啶班�嵿ぅ啷� 啶膏�嵿さ啶距ぐ啷嵿ぅ啶距う啶班�嵿ぅ啶距え啷嵿い啶班�� 啶膏�嵿ぅ啶苦い啷� 啷�
啶呧ぐ啷嵿ぅ啶距え啷嵿い啶班じ啷嵿く 啶むう啷嵿き啶距さ啶膏�嵿い啶む�嵿ぐ 啶�啷佮�栢�嵿く啷嬥そ啶�啶� 啶︵�冟ざ啷嵿く啶む�� 啷� 啷ㄠキ啷� 啷�

goyu峁�manmahat膩峁� cvyarthe sv膩rth膩darth膩ntare sthitau |
arth膩ntarasya tadbh膩vastatra mukhyo'pi d峁浥泍ate || 279 ||

279. When the words go, 驰耻峁�m补诲 and mahat have the suffix cvi at the end and are used in a meaning other than their own, what was not so becomes so secondarily and sometimes also primarily.

Commentary

[In the expressions: agaur gau岣� sampadyate, go'bhavat, 补迟惫补峁� tva峁� sampadyate, tvad bhavati, the quality of being a cow and of being 鈥榯hou鈥� is superimposed on what is not a cow and what is not thou. What is not a cow does not really become a cow. It is only a superimposition. In amah膩n mah膩n 产丑奴迟补岣�, mahadbh奴ta艣 肠补苍诲谤补尘腻岣�, what was not big does actually become big. This case is therefore different from the two previous cases. The word mahat is used in its primary meaning in 尘补丑补诲产丑奴迟腻岣�, but in go'bhavat, go is used in a secondary sense, because it is applied to something which does not really become a cow. Being used in a secondary sense, the o in go is not considered to be 辫谤补驳峁沨测补. For the same reason, there is no second person suffix in tvadbhavati. There is no real 测耻峁�m补诲 here. It only exists secondarily. In the words of the 痴峁泃迟颈鈥攁驳补耻谤 gaur abhavat, go'bhavat iti 辫谤补驳峁沨测补sa峁僯帽膩 na bhavati. Atva峁� tva峁� sampadyate, tvad bhavati madhyamo na bhavati.]

But, says the objector, this is alright in such expressions as go'bhavat and tvadbhavati. But in mahadbh奴ta艣 肠补苍诲谤补尘腻岣�, the use cannot be called a secondary one as the moon does really become big (mahat) on full-moon day. That being so, the long 膩, taught in P. 6.3.46, at the end of mahat should come in. To show that even in mahadbh奴ta艣 肠补苍诲谤补尘腻岣�, the use is a secondary one, the author says鈥�

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