Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana
by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words
Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...
Go directly to: Footnotes.
Text 8.15
क्रम-कौटिल्यानुल्बणत्वोपपत्ति-यो�-रूपा घटना श्लेषः. � � वैचित्र्�-मात्रत्वान� � गुणः. यथ�,
krama-kauṭilyānulbaṇatvopapatti-yoga-rūpā ghaṭanā śṣa�. sa ca vaicitrya-mātratvān na ṇa�. yathā,
As an artha-ṇa, śṣa (coalescence of ideas) is a construction which is the form of a mix of krama (sequence), 첹ṭiⲹ (cunningness), Գܱṇaٱ (nonexcessiveness, absence of extravagance), and upapatti (likelihood). Actually, śṣa is not a ṇa because śṣa is only a kind of literary expression. This is an example:
supte ṣy ṛt ܰ� priyatame tatrārpayan ṣpja�
līlāyā nayanāñcale kila rajaś cakre prabodhodyamam |
ṛṣṇa� śīٲ--ṛnٲ-racanopāyena paśyāgratas
� praṇayād iva ṇaⲹٱ Ծbhivṛddhi-kramam ||
supte—who were sleeping; ṣy—aڳٱ observing; ṛt—s貹ٱ; ܰ�—in front; priyatame—the two girlfriends; tatra—there (having arrived at their side[1]); arpayan—while placing; ṣp-jam—[pollen,] originating from flowers; ī�—o ī; nayana—o the eye; ñ—on the corner; kila—iԻ; Ჹ�—pDZ; cakre—d; prabodha—to wake up; udyamam—the endeavor; ṛṣṇa��ṛṣṇa; śīٲ—cǴDZ; -ṛnٲ—o fanning (“a palm leaf�); —a mode; ܱԲ—by means of; 貹śⲹ—just see; ٲ�—a; �—o ; ṇa—out of affection; iva—as if; ṇaⲹٱ—is eminently effecting; Ծ—o the sleep; ṛd—for the increase; kramam—the procedure.
[Vṛndā speaks to Ի徱ܰī:]
Look ahead: Upon seeing His two girlfriends sleeping separately, ṛṣṇa approached them. He endeavored to wake up ī by placing flower pollen at the edge of her eyes. Now, as if out of love, by a cooling manner of fanning He is implementing a procedure to increase ’s sleep. (ᱹ-īṇi 5.64)
atra prekṣyādi-rūpā kriyā-paramparā krama�, vidagdha-ceṣṭita� 첹ṭiⲹm, Գܱṇaٱ aprasiddha-varṇanāviraha�, upapattir upapādaka-yukti�, eṣāṃ yoga� sammelanam. asya śṣasya na ṇatvam asādhāraṇa-rasopakāra-virahāt, ṇa-nirvāha-vyagreṇa svādānupalambhāc ca.
In this verse, the sequence (krama) is the series of actions, beginning from seeing. The cunningness (첹ṭiⲹ) is the clever gestures. The nonexcessiveness (Գܱṇaٱ) is the absence of a description of unheard-of things or events. The likelihood (upapatti) is the suitability of the procedures. There is a mix of all these.
Artha-ṇa śṣa is not a ṇa because it does not assist a rasa in an uncommon way and because relishment is not achieved by busying oneself with completing the requirements of a ṇa.