365bet娱乐

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:

啶︵た啶掂ぞ啶曕��啶班�嵿い啶苦ぎ啷佮う啶曕�嵿く啶距�� 啶� 啶�啶むた啶む�� 啶膏�傕い啶苦�曕ぞ啶� 啶むぅ啶� 啷�
啶多さ啶� 啶むい啷嵿じ啷嵿お啷冟し啷嵿�熰た啶ㄠ�� 啶氞�堗�� 啶膏�嵿お啷冟し啷嵿�熰�嵿さ啶� 啶膏�嵿え啶距え啷囙�� 啶多�佮ぇ啷嵿く啶む�� 啷� 啷�啷� 啷�

诲颈惫腻办墨谤迟颈mudaky膩峁� ca patita峁� s奴tik膩峁� tath膩 |
艣补惫补峁� 迟补迟蝉辫峁涐梗峁璱苍a峁� caiva sp峁涐梗峁璿膩 sn膩nena 艣udhyati || 84 ||

After having touched the C膩nd膩la, the menstruating woman, the outcast, the woman in child-bed, the dead body, or toucher thereof鈥攐ne becomes pure by bathing.鈥�(84).

 

Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (尘补苍耻产丑腻峁�y补):

The 鈥�诲颈惫腻办墨谤迟颈鈥� is the 肠腻峁囜笉腻濒补; that it is so is clear from the fact that he is mentioned along with the worst untouchables, and also from the use of the name in the 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补, in course of a conversation between the Cat and the Mouse鈥斺�榓t that time the 顿颈惫腻办墨谤迟颈 became oppressed with fear鈥� (where it is the 肠腻峁囜笉腻濒补 that is clearly meant). It cannot stand for the barber here; for the barber is among the touchables, and also because he is one whose food may be eaten (by the 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺). As for the rule laying down the necessity of bathing after a shave, this cannot be put forward in the present context, as the bathing in this case is necessitated by the consideration that, while one is shaving hairs are bound to fall on the body, and as, on falling from the body, they are unclean, it is necessary that one should bathe.

鈥�罢补迟蝉辫峁涐梗峁璱苍补尘鈥�, 鈥�the toucher thereof.鈥欌�擳his compound is to be expounded as鈥斺��tasya sp峁涐梗峁璦m, tadasy膩sti鈥�. The men who touch those mentioned above have also got to bathe.

Some people argue that, as the persons mentioned are not all in equal proximity to the term 鈥�迟补迟蝉辫峁涐梗峁璱苍补尘,鈥� 鈥�the toucher thereof,鈥� this refers to the 鈥�dead body鈥� only, and not to the 鈥�颁腻峁囜笉腻濒补鈥� and the rest. But others hold that since all are mentioned in the same sentence, and since the term occurs at the end of all the other persons mentioned, all these are present before the mind, and hence referred to by the pronoun 鈥�thereof鈥�; so that the construction intended is that all the terms up to 鈥�艣补谤补尘鈥�, 鈥�the dead body鈥�, form one copulative compound, and then compounded with 鈥�蝉辫峁涐梗峁璱苍补尘鈥�, 鈥�toucher鈥�; and hence when the term 鈥�the toucher thereof鈥� comes up, all the things spoken of by all the members of the copulative compound come to the mind. There is, on the other band, nothing to indicate that the term 鈥�toucher鈥� is to be connected with the 鈥�dead body鈥� only; for the simple reason that it is equally connected with the 鈥榦utcast鈥� and the rest also. In fact, all that is clearly indicated is that the term 鈥�toucher鈥� is connected with some other term that has gone before; in a copulative compound however, each term is regarded as denoting all the things spoken of; and hence all these latter are equally closely related to the term 鈥�toucher鈥�. Another construction that might be suggested is to construe the term 鈥榯oucher thereof鈥� with the term 鈥榙ead body鈥�, and then with the other terms. But in this case, there would be nothing to justify the connection of the term 鈥榯oucher鈥� with the 鈥榦utcast鈥� and the rest.

From all this it follows that it is only on the strength of usage that a right conclusion can be arrived at.鈥�(84)

 

Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha

(Verse 85 of others.)

鈥�罢补迟蝉辫峁涐梗峁璱苍补尘鈥欌�斺�極ne who has touched these, i.e., the 顿颈惫腻办墨谤迟颈 and the rest鈥� (Medh膩tithi, N膩r膩ya峁嘺 and Nandana); 鈥榦ne who has touched a corpse鈥� (鈥榦thers鈥� in Medh膩tithi, Govindar膩ja, Kull奴ka and R膩ghav膩nanda).

This verse is.quoted in 础辫补谤腻谤办补 (p. 921), which adds the following:鈥擡ven though through its proximity to the term 鈥�艣补惫补鈥�, 鈥�迟补迟蝉辫峁涐梗峁璱苍补尘鈥� would appear to mean 鈥榦ne who has touched a 艣补惫补鈥�, yet inasmuch as the 鈥�顿颈惫腻办墨谤迟颈鈥� and others mentioned before also belong, like the corpse, to the category of 鈥榰nclean things鈥�, it is only right that one who touches the person that has touched all those should bathe. This agrees with Medh膩tithi.

It is quoted in 惭颈迟腻办峁�a谤腻 (on 3. 30) to the effect that even when between the man and an unclean thing, there interposes a living thing (like the man who has touched the unclean things) the man has to bathe.

It is quoted in 惭补诲补苍补辫腻谤颈箩腻迟补 (p. 258) to the effect that the man who touches one who has touched the 顿颈惫腻办墨谤迟颈 and the rest, should bathe; i.e., the touch of an unclean thing defiles also when it is indirect, being interposed by a living object (like the man touching the 顿颈惫腻办墨谤迟颈 &c.).

It is quoted in 痴墨谤补尘颈迟谤辞诲补测补 (膧hnika, p. 202), which explains 顿颈惫腻办墨谤迟颈 as 鈥楥ha峁囜笉膩la鈥�;鈥攁nd in 痴颈诲丑腻苍补辫腻谤颈箩腻迟补 (p. 54), which reproduces the note made by 惭补诲补苍补辫腻谤颈箩腻迟补 is quoted in Par膩艣补谤补尘膩dhava (膧c膩ra, p. 257), which explains 鈥�诲颈惫腻办墨谤迟颈鈥� as 鈥楥ha峁囜笉膩la鈥�;鈥攊n 贬别尘腻诲谤颈 (艢r膩ddha, p. 796);鈥攊n 艢耻诲诲丑颈办补耻尘耻诲墨. (p. 327), which explains 鈥�诲颈惫腻办墨谤迟颈鈥� as 鈥榗ha峁囜笉膩la鈥�;鈥攊n 膧肠腻谤补尘补测奴办丑补 (p. 42);鈥攁nd in 笔谤腻测补艣肠颈迟迟补惫颈惫别办补 (pp. 159 and 468), which explains 鈥�迟补迟蝉辫峁涐梗峁璱苍鈥� as 鈥榦ne who has touched a dead body鈥�.

 

Comparative notes by various authors

Gautama (14.30).鈥斺�極n touching an outcast, a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, a woman impure on account of confinement, a woman in her courses, or a corpse,鈥攁nd on touching persons who have touched them,鈥攈e shall purify himself by bathing in his clothes.鈥�

叠补耻诲丑腻测补苍补 (1.9.5).鈥斺�極n touching a tree standing on a sacred spot, a funeral pyre, a sacrificial post, a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, or a person who sells the Veda,鈥攁 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 shall bathe in his clothes.鈥�

叠补耻诲丑腻测补苍补 (1.11.36).鈥斺�極n touching one who sells the Veda, a sacrificial post, an outcast, a funeral pyre, a dog or a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, he shall bathe.鈥�

痴补艣颈峁ａ弓丑补 (4.37).鈥斺�榃hen he has touched a sacrificial post, a pyre, a burial ground, a menstruating woman, a woman lately confined, impure men, or 颁腻峁囜笉补濒补蝉 and so forth,鈥攈e shall bathe, submerging both bis body and his head.鈥�

痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (22.69).鈥斺�楢fter having touched one who has touched a corpse, or a woman in her courses, or a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补 or a sacrificial post,鈥攂athing is ordained.鈥�

驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 (3.29).鈥斺�極n touching a woman in her courses or persons suffering from impurity due to birth and death, one should bathe; on touching persons who have touched them he shall rinse his mouth.鈥�

厂补峁僾补谤迟补 (础辫补谤腻谤办补, p. 921).鈥斺�楩or one who touches one who has touched these, bathing has been enjoined.鈥�

痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (Do.).鈥斺�極n touching a woman in her courses, a corpse, a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, human bone with fat, one should bathe with his clothes on.鈥�

Chyavana (Do., p. 922).鈥斺�極ne shall bathe with clothes on on touching an outcast, a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, one who lives upon property belonging to gods, the village-priest, the Soma-vendor, the sacril矛cial post, a funeral pyre, a wood of the pyre, wine, wine-vessel, human bone with fat, one who has touched a corpse, a woman in her courses, one who has committed a heinous crime, or a corpse; after bathing, he should touch fire, repeat the 骋腻测补迟谤墨 a hundred and eight times, bathe again and then rinse his mouth thrice.鈥�

叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 (础辫补谤腻谤办补, p. 922).鈥斺�楢n outcast, a woman lately confined, a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补,鈥� on touching these intentionally one becomes purified by bathing with clothes on, touching fire and eating butter. On touching a person who has touched a corpse, a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, a funeral pyre, a sacrificial post, a woman in her courses, intentionally, the 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 shall become purified by bathing.鈥�

M膩rka峁囜笉eya Pur膩峁嘺 (础辫补谤腻谤办补, p. 923).鈥斺�極ne whose food should not be eaten, a woman lately confined, a eunuch, a cat, a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, a dog, a cock, an outcast, an excommunicated person, a corpse-carrier, a woman in her courses, a pig,鈥攐n touching these one becomes purified by bathing.鈥�

V峁沝dha-驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 (Do.).鈥斺�極n touching a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, a Pukkasa, a Mleccha, a Bhilla, a 笔腻谤补蝉墨办补, one who has committed a heinous crime,鈥攐ne should bathe with clothes on.鈥�

笔补谤腻艣补谤补 (Do.).鈥斺�極n touching a tree growing in a crematorium, a funeral pyre, a sacrificial post, a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, a Soma-vendor,鈥攖he 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 should enter water with clothes on.鈥�

Devala (顿辞.).鈥斺赌楢 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, an outcast, a corpse-carrier, a woman lately confined, a woman in her courses,鈥攐n touching these one becomes purified by bathing.鈥�

痴腻测耻辫耻谤腻峁嘺 (Do.).鈥斺�楾he woman in her courses, the woman lately confined, the dog, the 础苍迟测腻惫补蝉腻测颈苍, the corpse-carrier,鈥攐n touching these there is impurity, from which one becomes purified by bathing with clay and with clothes on.鈥�

笔补谤腻艣补谤补 (Do., p. 926).鈥斺�業f one happens to touch a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补 and the corpse and other things after sunset, he becomes purified by touching fire and gold.鈥�

础峁単颈谤补蝉 (Par膩艣补谤补尘膩dhava, p. 257).鈥斺�極n touching a person who has touched a corpse, a woman in her courses and a woman lately confined or one outcast鈥攐ne becomes purified on bathing with clothes on.鈥�

碍奴谤尘补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 (Do., p. 258).鈥斺�業f one touches by chance a person who has been touched by a 颁补峁囜笉腻濒补, a woman lately confined, or a corpse,鈥攈e shall sip water and do japa; if one intentionally touches the said person, he should sip water for the purpose of purifying himself.鈥�