Atala, 础峁璦濒补, 膧峁璦la: 25 definitions
Introduction:
Atala means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Atal.
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In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
: archive.org: The mirror of gesture (abhinaya-darpana)One of the Hands of The Seven Lower Worlds.鈥擜tala: the 笔补迟腻办补 hand twisted downwards is applicable.
Natyashastra (啶ㄠぞ啶熰啶ざ啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya鈥攖heatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaAtala (啶呧い啶�).鈥擳his is one of the seven sections of P膩t膩la. The seven sections are: Atala, Vitala, Sutala, Tal膩tala, Mah膩tala, Ras膩tala, P膩t膩la. Of them Atala has been described as follows: Atala is the first world of P膩t膩la. There reigns Bala, the son of Maya who is the famous but haughty magician. He has created 96 Mayas who are capable of granting all kinds of desires. Even now certain persons who are interested in the practice of Black magic, learn some of these 96 arts and practise them. When this mighty fellow opens his mouth for yawning, three groups of women known as Pu峁兣沜al墨s, Svairi峁嚹玸 and K膩min墨s emerge from his mouth. He has with him a ras膩yana called h膩峁璦ka with which he can eaisly entice and seduce all who enter Atala and to strengthen them for satisfying his lust. After enticing them with it, he enjoys uncontrolled pleasure with them, showering on them his amorous glances, bewitching smiles and embraces. (Dev墨 Bh膩gavata, A峁ａ弓ama Skandha).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Atala (啶呧い啶�).鈥�1 鈥攁 thigh of the cosmic Puru峁; is dependent on the loins of the Puru峁.2 An underworld, ruled by Bala, son of Maya.3 The fourth world of pink (辫墨迟补) soil and residence of daityas like K膩lanemi.4
- 1) Bh膩gavata-pur膩峁嘺 II. 1. 27.
- 2) Ib. II. 5. 40.
- 3) Ib. V. 24. 7 & 16.
- 4) Brahm膩峁囜笉a-pur膩峁嘺 II. 20. 12, 14, 32-34.
1b) An underworld of dark earth; here is the house of Namuci, the Indra of the Asuras besides those of 艢a峁卥ukar峁嘺, N膩gas, R膩k峁sas, etc. White soil.*
- * V膩yu-pur膩峁嘺 50. 11, 13 and 15-19. Vi峁ａ箛u-pur膩峁嘺 II. 5. 2, 3.
The Purana (啶啶班ぞ啶�, pur膩峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
: Pure Bhakti: Brhad BhagavatamrtamAtala (啶呧い啶�) refers to:鈥擜 planet. (cf. Glossary page from 艢r墨 B峁沨ad-bh膩gavat膩m峁泃a).
Vaishnava (啶掂啶粪啶｀さ, vai峁ａ箛ava) or vaishnavism (vai峁ａ箛avism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).
Pancaratra (worship of N膩r膩ya峁嘺)
: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama TextsAtala (啶呧い啶�) refers to one of the seven 鈥渘ether worlds鈥�, as discussed in chapter 11 (J帽膩nap膩da) of the 笔补诲尘补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: the most widely followed of Sa峁僪it膩 covering the entire range of concerns of P膩帽car膩tra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter鈥�箩帽腻苍补, yoga, 办谤颈测腻 and 肠补谤测腻) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.鈥擠escription of the chapter [补迟补濒腻诲颈濒辞办补-辫补谤颈尘腻峁嘺]: Turning now to the nether worlds beneath the earth鈥攏amed atala, vitala, nitala, 驳补产丑补蝉迟颈尘腻苍, mahat, sutala, 辫腻迟腻濒补鈥攖hese are the realms where people are reborn who have 辫耻峁噛补-merit [辫耻峁噛补bh奴mi]. Each of these nether regions measures 1000 yojanas in extent, and each is populated by D膩navas, Daityas, K膩layas and Pha峁噄s, whose lives are full of joys and pleasures. [...]
Pancaratra (啶ぞ啶炧啶氞ぐ啶距い啷嵿ぐ, p膩帽car膩tra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Biology (plants and animals)
: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and DrugsAtala in the Malayalam language is the name of a plant identified with Jatropha glandulifera Roxb. from the Euphorbiaceae (Castor) family having the following synonyms: Adenoropium roxburghii Kostel. [Illegitimate] . For the possible medicinal usage of atala, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Atala in Nigeria is the name of a plant defined with Sacoglottis gabonensis in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Aubrya occidentalis Chev., nom. nud. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Medical Science Research (1995)
· Exploration Botanique de l鈥橝frique Occidentale Fran莽aise (1920)
· Medical Science Research (1993)
· Pharmaceutical Biology (1998)
· Vascular Pharmacology (2002)
· Fl. Bras. (Martius) (1840)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Atala, for example side effects, pregnancy safety, diet and recipes, chemical composition, extract dosage, health benefits, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary础峁璦濒补, (adj.) (cp. Sk. a峁弓a & a峁弓膩laka stronghold) solid, firm, strong, only in phrase a峁璦liyo up膩han膩 strong sandals M. II, 155 (vv. ll. pa峁璦liye & agaliyo) = S. I, 226 (vv. ll. 膩峁璦liyo & 膩峁璦liko). At the latter passage Bdhgh. expls. ga峁嘺峁単a峁�-没p膩han膩, Mrs. Rh. D. (Kindred Sayings I. 291) trsls. 鈥渂uskined shoes鈥�. (Page 15)
: Sutta: Pali Word Grammar from Pali Myanmar Dictionary膩峁璦la (醼♂��嬦��) [(na) (醼�)]鈥�
摆驴闭
摆驴闭
[Pali to Burmese]
: Sutta: Tipi峁璦ka P膩岣穒-Myanmar Dictionary (醼愥��曖��嬦��-醼曖��犪��欋�坚�斸�横�欋�� 醼♂�樶��撫��斸��)腻峁璦濒补鈥�
(Burmese text): 摆驴闭
醼♂��嬦��(醼�)醼欋�娽�横�炨�贬��炨�夺亰 醼炨�夺�溼����醼横亱
(Auto-Translation): What sound does the drum make, following the rhythm?
Pali is the language of the Tipi峁璦ka, which is the sacred canon of Therav膩da Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha鈥檚 speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarya峁璦岣穉 (啶呧啶�).鈥攁 unc (a & 峁璦岣穉峁嚹抚箖) That cannot be averted or escaped.
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a峁佱阜膩 (啶呧啶距こ啶�).鈥攎 (See 补峁嶀阜腻 Sig. I.) An erection in a corn-field.
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atala (啶呧い啶�).鈥攏 (S) A division of the infernal regions, the hell immediately below the earth.
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englisha峁璦岣穉 (啶呧啶�).鈥�a Unavoidable, that cannot be avoided or escaped.
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atala (啶呧い啶�).鈥�m A division of the infernal regions.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary础峁璦濒补 (啶呧啶�).鈥�a. [na. ta.] Firm, steady, solid.
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Atala (啶呧い啶�).鈥�a. Bottomless.
-lam [asya bh奴kha峁囜笉asya tala峁� p峁涐梗o掳 idamo'tvam] Name of a 啶ぞ啶むぞ啶� (辫腻迟腻濒补) or lower region, one of the 7 P膩t膩las, being the first among them.
-濒补岣� Name of 艢iva.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary膧迟腻濒补 (啶嗋い啶距げ).鈥�(m. or nt.), probably watchtower: Lalitavistara 193.18 (verse) pr膩s膩de峁 gav膩k峁tora峁嘺vare峁 膩t膩la-ma帽ce峁 ca (all parts of a building). Apparently = Sanskrit a峁弓膩la (also a峁弓a); Tibetan Lalitavistara ya峁� thog, which [Tibetan-English Dictionary] defines by the highest storey of a house, also鈥�a dome, and which in 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 5522 renders a峁弓a = a峁弓膩la.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary础峁璦濒补 (啶呧啶�).鈥攎fn.
(-濒补岣�-l膩-濒补峁�) Immoveable, unchangeable.
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Atala (啶呧い啶�).鈥攏.
(-濒补峁�) A particular hell or division of the infernal regions, the portin immediately below the earth. E. a neg. and tala bottom.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryAtala (啶呧い啶�).鈥攏. the name of a hell, [Ved膩ntas膩ra, (in my Chrestomathy.)] in
Atala is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms a and tala (啶むげ).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryAtala (啶呧い啶�).鈥擺neuter] [Name] of a cert. hell (lit. bottomless).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 础峁璦濒补 (啶呧啶�):鈥擺=补-峁璦濒补] mfn. not shaky, firm, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]
2) Atala (啶呧い啶�):鈥擺=a-tala] n. bottomless
3) [v.s. ...] Name of a hell beneath the earth
4) [v.s. ...] m. Name of 艢iva.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Goldst眉cker Sanskrit-English DictionaryAtala (啶呧い啶�):鈥擺bahuvrihi compound] n.
(-lam) A particular hell or division of the infernal regions, the portion immediately below the earth. E. a priv. and tala; 鈥榖辞迟迟辞尘濒别蝉蝉鈥�.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 础峁璦濒补 (啶呧啶�):鈥擺补-峁璦濒补] (la岣�-l膩-濒补峁�) Firm, stable.
2) Atala (啶呧い啶�):鈥擺a-tala] (濒补峁�) 1. n. A particular hell. a. Without bottom, bottomless.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏啶膏啶曕啶むぎ啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) 础峁璦濒补 (啶呧啶�) [Also spelled atal]:鈥�(a) firm; irrevocable; resolute; unwavering, steadfast.
2) Atala (啶呧い啶�) [Also spelled atal]:鈥�(a) bottomless; fathomless; ~[诲补谤艣墨] having deep insight, who can see through to the bottom; ~[蝉辫补谤艣墨] fathoming the depths, profound.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpusA峁璦岣穉 (嗖呧矡嗖�):鈥擺noun] (correctly, 嗖呧菠嗖� [atala]) one of the seven regions supposed to be below the earth.
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Atala (嗖呧菠嗖�):鈥�
1) [adjective] having no bottom.
2) [adjective] unfathomably deep.
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Atala (嗖呧菠嗖�):鈥�
1) [noun] that which is unfathomably deep; a deep ocean.
2) [noun] (myth.) one of seven regions below the earth.
3) [noun] (myth.) name of one of the hells.
4) [noun] 艢iva.
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Ata岣穉 (嗖呧菠嗖�):鈥擺adjective] = 嗖呧菠嗖� [atala]1.
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Ata岣穉 (嗖呧菠嗖�):鈥擺noun] = 嗖呧菠嗖� [atala]2.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary1) 础峁璦濒补 (啶呧啶�):鈥攁dj. firm; irrevocable; resolute; unwavering; steadfast; still; unmoving;
2) Atala (啶呧い啶�):鈥攁dj. bottomless; unfathomable; n. Mythol. one of the seven infernal subterrestrial regions (patalas);
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: A, Tala, Dhavala.
Starts with (+11): Ataladilokaparimana, Atalai, Atalaimatalai, Atalaimutalai, Atalaiputalaiyay, Atalaiyatu, Atalajala, Atalakai, Atalakutala, Atalakutalam, Atalal, Atalaloka, Atalamtaka, Atalamuli, Atalamulikkoti, Atalanem, Atalani, Atalantia monophylla, Atalantia racemosa, Atalantia roxburghiana.
Full-text (+48): Talatala, Atalasparsha, Atalasprish, Atalamuli, Attalam, Saptapatala, Atal, Atalasprishu, Atalakutalam, Shvapadanagara, Pitabhauma, Rasatala, Patala, Shuladanta, Kalasha, Vrikavaktra, Lohitaksha, Atalapatala, Hatakam, Talaloka.
Relevant text
Search found 62 books and stories containing Atala, 础峁璦濒补, A峁璦岣穉, A峁佱阜膩, A峁乴膩, 膧迟腻濒补, A-tala, A-峁璦la, Ata岣穉, 膧峁璦la; (plurals include: Atalas, 础峁璦濒补s, A峁璦岣穉s, A峁佱阜膩s, A峁乴膩s, 膧迟腻濒补s, talas, 峁璦las, Ata岣穉s, 膧峁璦las). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Tirumantiram by Tirumular (English translation)
Verse 193: Give in Charity Now and Here < [Tantra One (mutal tantiram) (verses 113-336)]
Devi Bhagavata Purana (by Swami Vij帽anananda)
Chapter 19 - On the narrative of the Atala, etc. < [Book 8]
Chapter 21 - On the narrative of hells < [Book 8]
Brahma Purana (critical study) (by Surabhi H. Trivedi)
8. The area of Puskaradvipa < [Chapter 9 - Geography]
6. Mythologico-Philosophical Theory < [Philosophy]
Linga Purana (by J. L. Shastri)
Chapter 45 - Description of Nether Worlds (辫腻迟腻濒补-var峁嘺na) < [Section 1 - Uttarabh膩ga]
Chapter 6 - Glory of 艢iva < [Section 1 - Uttarabh膩ga]
Abhinaya-darpana (English) (by Ananda Coomaraswamy)
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
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A Concise Encyclopaedia of Hinduism