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Significance of Sour gruel

Sour gruel, as understood across various traditions, encompasses a range of definitions. In Buddhism, it represents a part of a royal meal for silent buddhas. Jainism identifies it as acceptable food for mendicants, while the Purana describes it as a ritual offering and an undesired food for the twice-born. Ayurveda defines it as a fermented barley dish used for medicinal purposes. Additionally, in Dharmashastra and Theravada, it is categorized as non-eatable or inferior food options. In Science, it's referred to as Kanji, utilized in Ayurvedic practices.

In Dutch: Zure pap; In Finnish: Hapan veli; In Spanish: Gachas agrias; In German: Saurer Brei; In Malay: Bubur asam; In Swedish: Syrlig v盲lling; In French: Gruau aigre

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Sour gruel'

Buddhism Books

In Buddhism, "sour gruel" symbolizes substandard nourishment provided to specific monks, reflecting the varied quality of offerings from householders and kings. It highlights the spiritual challenges faced by practitioners in their paths.

Significance in Theravada (major branch of Buddhism):
Theravada Books

From: Vinaya Pitaka (1): Bhikkhu-vibhanga (the analysis of Monks鈥� rules)

(1) An inferior food option that the householder ordered for the monks who were the followers of Mettiya and Bhummajaka.[1]

From: Vinaya Pitaka (3): Khandhaka

(1) An unpleasant or substandard food option provided to some monks.[2]

From: Jataka tales [English], Volume 1-6

(1) A type of food referenced in the story as being offered by both queen Mallika and the Bodhisatta.[3]

Theravada is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Significance in Buddhism (general):

From: Apadana commentary (Atthakatha)

(1) A part of the meal provided by the king to the silent buddhas alongside porridge, representing the variety of food offered during the king's tests.[4]

Hindu concept of 'Sour gruel'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, Sour gruel can be interpreted as a fermented barley dish used medicinally, an undesirable food for the twice-born, a cleansing agent in rituals, an offering to the lord of unrighteousness, and generally non-edible if aged.

Significance in Dharmashastra (religious law):
Dharmashastra Books

From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi

(1) A specific type of food item that is classified as non-eatable due to its condition stemming from time, particularly if kept overnight.[5]

Dharmashastra contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.

Significance in Ayurveda (science of life):
Ayurveda Books

From: Bhesajjakkhandhaka (Chapter on Medicine)

(1) A fermented dish created from barley, allowed for use in treating wind disease, which involves careful preparation to ensure safety and efficacy.[6]

Ayurveda is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Ayurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Jain concept of 'Sour gruel'

Jainism Books

In Jainism, sour gruel is seen as a permissible food for mendicants, highlighting its specific acceptance under certain conditions, illustrating the dietary guidelines followed by practitioners in their ascetic lifestyle.

Significance in Jainism (general):

From: Acaranga-sutra

(1) A specific type of food or drink referred to as acceptable under certain conditions for the mendicants.[7]

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.