Significance of Marana process
The Marana process is an essential technique in Ayurvedic medicine, primarily involving the incineration or calcination of raw metals and minerals to transform them into a medicinal form known as Bhasma. This process enhances the absorption and therapeutic properties of substances by converting them into finer particles suitable for human use. By subjecting these materials to intense heat and careful processing, Marana ensures that they become bioavailable and safe for therapeutic applications, forming a critical step in the preparation of various Ayurvedic medicines.
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The concept of Marana process in scientific sources
The Marana process encompasses methods for transforming raw materials into Bhasma, enhancing medicinal properties, including amalgamating metals like mercury, and involves incineration of Swarna Makshika using lemon juice for purification.
From: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
(1) The incineration of metals in Ayurveda, transforming them into an assimilable form called Bhasma.[1] (2) A key process in the preparation of Bhasma that involves the structural and chemical transformation of metals into bioabsorbable metallic compounds.[2] (3) The Ayurvedic procedure that converts purified metals and minerals into Bhasma through grinding and incineration, reducing their particle size.[3] (4) A calcination or incineration phase in Bhasma preparation where raw materials are transformed into ash form by intense heating, altering their chemical properties.[4] (5) A technique in Ayurveda that involves the incineration of herbal or metallic substances to produce bhasma, rendering them safe for use.[5]
From: International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
(1) The last stage of processing in Ayurveda that follows jarana, aimed at finalizing the transformation of the metal into a medicinal form.[6] (2) A procedure in Ayurvedic medicine that transforms raw drugs into a bioavailable form suitable for medicinal use.[7] (3) The incineration process where metals and minerals are ground with liquids and subjected to heat to form Bhasma.[8] (4) The incineration process involved in creating Ayurvedic medicines, particularly the transformation of materials into a form suitable for therapeutic use.[9] (5) Marana involves the incineration of herbal and mineral substances in Ayurvedic practice to prepare them for therapeutic applications.[10]
From: AYU (Journal of Research in Ayurveda)
(1) The incineration process used in Ayurveda to transform raw materials into therapeutically active forms.[11] (2) Marana is the incineration step in the preparation of Tamra Bhasma that involves extreme heating to convert the metal into a medicinal form.[12] (3) The incineration step in which the purified Swarna Makshika is converted into Bhasma using wet trituration with lemon juice.[13] (4) A compounding process that enhances the therapeutic properties of metals through amalgamation, primarily using mercury.[14] (5) A method by which raw materials are converted into Bhasma, making them easily assimilable and enhancing their medicinal values.[15]
From: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
(1) The incineration stage in the bhasma preparation that alters the physical state and properties of the base minerals through high-temperature treatment.[16] (2) The final step in the preparation of Yashada bhasma, which involves further grinding and calcination to achieve a fine and therapeutically viable product.[17] (3) The final step of conversion where purified metals or minerals are turned into pellets and subjected to fire treatment to create bhasmas.[18] (4) Marana is an ayurvedic incineration and/or calcination process involved in the preparation of Bhasma, aimed at converting raw minerals into safe, usable forms.[19] (5) Marana refers to the technique employed after shodhana, typically using a puta system of heating to enhance the therapeutic properties of metal or mineral preparations.[20]
From: Ancient Science of Life
(1) A traditional method employed to reduce a substance to a suitable form for medicine, particularly in the context of Ayurvedic preparations.[21] (2) Marana Process is an incineration technique in Ayurvedic medicine, crucial for converting purified materials into bhasma, specifically emphasized for achieving the desired characteristics of Pravala Bhasma.[22] (3) The incineration step applied to purified metallic materials before they are combined with specific drugs.[23] (4) The calcination process used in the preparation of Mukta Bhasma, entailing repeated heating cycles that lead to changes in particle size and phase transformation.[24]
From: Ayushdhara journal
(1) The incineration of metallic and mineral drugs to convert them into a more bioavailable and less toxic form for medicinal use.[25] (2) A process of incineration or calcination in Rasashastra aimed at making substances useful for therapeutic applications.[26] (3) The conversion of purified metals into a fine ash-like form known as Bhasma, which serves as a potent medicine.[27]