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Significance of King's role

The king's role, as outlined in various ancient texts, encompasses a range of responsibilities critical to societal well-being. According to Arthashastra, the king must maintain order and oversee military strategies. Purana emphasizes the king's duty to perform funerary rites and ensure proper ceremonies. Dharmashastra highlights the king's judicial functions, including administering justice and resolving disputes. Additionally, historical context depicts the king as a central authority who may seek ministerial advice on important issues, underscoring the multifaceted nature of the king's role.1
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Synonyms: Royal function, King's responsibilities

In Dutch: De rol van de koning; In Finnish: Kuninkaan rooli; In Spanish: El papel del rey; In German: Rolle des K枚nigs

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Hindu concept of 'King's role'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, a king's role encompasses performing ceremonies, judicial functions, military oversight, and ensuring societal order. The monarch acts as a caretaker, administering justice and promoting adherence to customs for societal welfare and progress.

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Markandeya Purana

(1) The king鈥檚 responsibility to ensure that ceremonies are performed properly, particularly when family members are absent.[1]

From: Garuda Purana

(1) The king's responsibility to perform specific actions, such as cutting images and engaging in ritualistic practices during the sacrificial ceremony.[2]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Arthashastra (politics and welfare):
Arthashastra Books

From: Kautilya Arthashastra

(1) The responsibility of a king to ensure that people adhere to their duties, maintain societal order, and uphold customs to promote happiness and progress.[3]

From: Shukra Niti by Shukracharya

(1) The king's role involves maintaining the social order, differentiating castes and stages, and construction of temples.[4]

Arthashastra literature concerns itself with the teachings (shastra) of economic prosperity (artha) statecraft, politics and military tactics. The term arthashastra refers to both the name of these scientific teachings, as well as the name of a Sanskrit work included in such literature. This book was written (3rd century BCE) by by Kautilya, who flourished in the 4th century BCE.

Significance in Dharmashastra (religious law):
Dharmashastra Books

From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi

(1) The judicial function of the king in resolving disputes between creditors and debtors, including enforcing debt repayment.[5] (2) The position of the Sovereign who decides the punishment for the Brahmana who committed theft.[6]

Dharmashastra contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.