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Significance of Flower

The keyphrase "Flower" encompasses various meanings across different contexts. In Vaishnavism, it symbolizes natural offerings in worship, representing beauty and devotion, particularly for Lord Krishna. In traditions like Purana and Vedanta, flowers signify aesthetics and cultural significance, often linked to spiritual practices. Science describes flowers as reproductive plant parts with medicinal properties, while in broader cultural contexts, they symbolize beauty, life, and renewal. Overall, flowers serve as vital symbols of devotion and hope across multiple disciplines.1
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Synonyms: Blossom, Bloom, Petal, Flora, Inflorescence, Bud, Plant

In Finnish: Kukka; In Malay: Bunga; In Dutch: Bloem; In Spanish: Flor; In German: Blume; In Swedish: Blomma; In French: Fleur

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Flower'

Buddhism Books

In Buddhism, the term "Flower" symbolizes impermanence, representing objects of minimal utility that quickly fade away, thus highlighting the transient nature of life and the need to focus on more lasting values.

Significance in Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism):
Mahayana Books

From: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

(1) Floral items with minimal utility as they fade quickly, listed as not emphasized in the sutra.[1]

Mahayana is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sutras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajnaparamita sutras.

Hindu concept of 'Flower'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, flowers symbolize devotion, purity, and beauty, often used in worship as offerings. They represent natural phenomena, aesthetic significance in ritual contexts, and embody spiritual essence, enhancing the sanctity of worship practices.

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Chaitanya Bhagavata

(1) The blooms or blossoms that were showered, possibly indicating beauty and natural phenomena.[2] (2) Natural offerings used in the worship along with other elements.[3] (3) Pushpa, botanical offerings to enhance the beauty and sanctity of the worship.[4] (4) Natural offerings made during worship, symbolizing beauty and devotion.[5] (5) Floral offerings often used in worship as a symbol of devotion and purity.[6]

From: Garga Samhita (English)

(1) Natural elements used to create the raksa-amulets for worship.[7] (2) Plants that are typically colorful and fragrant, used for worshiping Lord Krishna in this context.[8] (3) Symbolic representations of beauty and gratitude, showered upon the people.[9] (4) Colorful and decorative plants mentioned as '啶啶粪啶�' ('pushpa'), showing their ornamental quality.[10]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Significance in Vedanta (school of philosophy):
Vedanta Books

From: Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation)

(1) Symbolizing Brahman, specifically in the context of the sacrifice and spiritual essence.[11]

From: Chandogya Upanishad (Shankara Bhashya)

(1) A figurative representation of the Itihasa-Purana, indicating its aesthetic and cultural significance in the sacrificial context.[12]

Vedanta refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

Significance in Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology):
Jyotisha Books

From: Hayanaratna: The Jewel of Annual Astrology

(1) This represents a possible symbol, which may appear in dreams, and is linked to the influence of the moon, potentially indicating the presence of certain items or situations.[13] (2) If the moon is strong, the text indicates that the food will be made from this, influencing the character of the meal.[14]

Jyotisha (啶溹啶啶むた啶�, jyotisha or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Ramayana of Valmiki (Griffith)

(1) Flowers are mentioned as growing around the Vanar, and as being fresh and green.[15]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Dharmashastra (religious law):
Dharmashastra Books

From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi

(1) The blooming parts of plants that are included among the items subject to the sixth part.[16]

Dharmashastra contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.

The concept of Flower in local and regional sources

History Books

The keyphrase "Flower" symbolizes growth, beauty, and renewal, contrasting life with death. It embodies hope, represents beauty amidst desolation, and signifies rebirth, linking personal and spiritual transformations in various cultural contexts.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: Triveni Journal

(1) Plants that bloom and are often associated with beauty, highlighting the potential loss of beauty in nature.[17] (2) A symbol of beauty and rebirth that emerges from the pain and darkness of the past.[18] (3) Physical offerings presented in a spiritual context that are symbolic of devotion and respect within a religious or cultural practice.[19] (4) A representation of beauty and life, which is notably absent in the surroundings.[20] (5) A symbol of growth, beauty, and renewal that contrasts with the heaviness of a tomb, suggesting hope and rebirth.[21]

From: Folklore of the Santal Parganas

(1) A beautiful object found by Lita at the well that caused displeasure to his Kamar wife.[22]

From: Bede's Ecclesiastical History of England

(1) The youth was in the very flower of his youth when he suffered from a grievous infirmity.[23]

From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda

(1) This, the essence of the Vedas, is that the Self in each of us is Brahman, according to the text.[24]

Plural form: Flowers.