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Significance of Five monks

The keyphrase "Five monks" encompasses different interpretations in various Buddhist traditions. In Ayurveda, it refers to a group of monks who sought the Buddha's guidance on medical practices. In Mahayana Buddhism, it signifies the initial audience for the Buddha's first sermon at Rishipatana and the monks permitted to oversee ordination in areas with few monks. In Theravada, it describes the monks who conversed about the challenges of safeguarding their senses. Thus, "Five monks" has significant relevance across these traditions.

In Dutch: Vijf monniken; In Finnish: Viisi munkkia; In Spanish: Cinco monjes

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Five monks'

Buddhism Books

The phrase "Five monks" in Buddhism can refer to a discussion group on sensory guarding, the initial audience of the Buddha's first sermon, or the number permitted for ordination in sparse regions.

Significance in Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism):
Mahayana Books

From: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

(1) The initial audience for the Buddha's first sermon at Rishipatana.[1] (2) The number of monks the Buddha allowed to conduct ordination in regions with few monks.[2]

Mahayana is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sutras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajnaparamita sutras.

Significance in Theravada (major branch of Buddhism):
Theravada Books

From: Dhammapada (Illustrated)

(1) Refers to the group of monks who engaged in a discussion about the difficulty of guarding their respective senses.[3]

Theravada is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Significance in Buddhism (general):

From: Apadana commentary (Atthakatha)

(1) The group referred to by the Buddha as He planned to preach the Dhamma to them.[4]

Hindu concept of 'Five monks'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, "Five monks" symbolizes a gathering of ascetic seekers who engage with the Buddha to explore medical practices, emphasizing a quest for knowledge and guidance in healing methods.

Significance in Ayurveda (science of life):
Ayurveda Books

From: Bhesajjakkhandhaka (Chapter on Medicine)

(1) A group of monks who approached the Buddha to discuss medical practices and seek guidance on what medicine should be used.[5]

Ayurveda is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Ayurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.