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Significance of External

The term "External" has various interpretations across different fields. In Vaishnavism, it relates to outward aspects. Yoga considers it as factors outside the individual body. Vyakarana associates it with meanings of words, while Vedanta describes it as observable aspects of existence outside the Self. Historical perspectives in India view the external world as a state of the soul, contrasting with internal realities, and highlight education's physical manifestations. Science references external aspects in autopsy studies. Each context underlines a distinct understanding of the external.1
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Synonyms: Outside, Outer, Exterior, Outermost

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Hindu concept of 'External'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, "External" encompasses meanings related to outside elements, observable existence, and factors beyond individual experience, contrasting internal states, and highlighting the significance of material elements and their perception through consciousness.

Significance in Vedanta (school of philosophy):
Vedanta Books

From: Thirty minor Upanishads

(1) Referring to the outward, observable aspects of existence.[1]

From: Brahma Sutras (Shankaracharya)

(1) This refers to things outside the Self, which are rendered objects by consciousness, and it is discussed in the context of the material elements and their products.[2]

Vedanta refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

Significance in Yoga (school of philosophy):
Yoga Books

From: Yoga-sutras (with Bhoja’s Rajamartanda)

(1) Factors and elements outside the individual body that were described before internal perfections in the context of yoga.[3]

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as asanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

Significance in Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar):
Vyakarana Books

From: Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari

(1) Pertains to the external references and meanings associated with certain words and compounds.[4]

Vyakarana refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary)

(1) Relating to the outside or outward aspects of a place or situation.[5]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu�).

The concept of External in local and regional sources

History Books

The keyphrase "External" encompasses the notion of a reality perceived through the senses, contrasting with deeper inner truths. It highlights the distinction between the physical world, the harmony of thoughts, and the ultimate nature of the Self.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda

(1) In the West, the manifestation of education, intelligence, and thought is in the external, which is in the physical and social planes.[6] (2) The external world is but the soul in a certain state, and it is not the ultimate reality, according to the text.[7] (3) One side of the one thing that divides itself into this and the internal, the harmony between thought and matter.[8] (4) External refers to the previous perception of God, before the realization of the true nature of the Self, which is within.[9] (5) This refers to the sensuous, which has vanished from those who have attained the highest state of love, and are always able to see the Reality behind the scenes.[10]

The concept of External in scientific sources

Science Books

The keyphrase "External" pertains to the autopsy component analyzed in the study, indicating that it involves external examinations or observations crucial for understanding the cases being investigated.

Significance in Scientific journals, articles, etc.:

From: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences

(1) External is a part of the autopsy that was performed on the cases in this study.[11]

This section includes scientific research in the field of healthcare, often involving traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Holistic health. It includes papers from scientific journals classified as either original, clinical or experimental research, review articles or case reports.

Plural form: Externals.