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Significance of Arjuna

Arjuna, a central character in the Mahabharata, is known as the third son of Pandu and a master archer. He is a key figure in the Bhagavad-gita, where he grapples with profound moral dilemmas about duty during the Kurukshetra War and receives guidance from Lord Krishna. Recognized for his bravery and archery skills, Arjuna is celebrated as a warrior prince who navigates personal and existential conflicts, embodying ideal human qualities such as loyalty and valor, while also symbolizing the spiritual seeker.1
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Synonyms: Partha, Dhananjaya, Kiriti, Jishnu, Phalguna

In Dutch: Arjuna; In German: Arjuna; In Finnish: Arjuna; In Spanish: Arjuna; In Swedish: Arjuna; In Malay: Arjuna; In French: Arjuna

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Hindu concept of 'Arjuna'

Hinduism Books

Arjuna, a central figure in Hinduism, is the warrior prince in the Bhagavad-gita who confronts moral dilemmas about duty on the battlefield, receiving guidance from Krishna, symbolizing the spiritual seeker amidst existential challenges.

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Mahabharata (English)

(1) The renowned archer and a key figure of the Pandava army, noted for his prowess in battle.[1] (2) Also known as Phalguni, he is Karna's half-brother, signifying a connection and rivalry later in the narrative.[2] (3) One of the Pandava princes, known for his proficiency with various weapons, including his lightness of hand and precision.[3] (4) Yudhishthira's brother, renowned for his archery skills and bravery in battle.[4] (5) The third Pandava brother, celebrated for his skills as a bowman and his role in the Kurukshetra War.[5]

From: Bhagavad-gita-rahasya (or Karma-yoga Shastra)

(1) The warrior prince and disciple of Krishna, representing the struggling soul facing moral dilemmas in the Gita.[6] (2) The warrior prince in the Gita who experiences moral confusion about duty and righteousness on the battlefield.[7] (3) A key figure in the Gita with 84 stanzas attributed to him.[8] (4) Arjuna is a central character in the Gita who faces moral dilemmas about duty and righteousness during the Bhagavad Gita discourse.[9]

From: Devi Bhagavata Purana

(1) A prominent warrior among the Pandavas who performed funerary rites for Krishna and Balaram after they passed away.[10] (2) The son of Kunti born through Indra, celebrated as one of the chief warriors of the Pandavas.[11]

From: Ramayana of Valmiki (Shastri)

(1) The monarch reigning in Mahishmati, who is described as brilliant and powerful, comparable to the fire kept in a sacred pit.[12]

From: Garuda Purana

(1) Arjuna is associated with the plant Farminalia Arjuna, valued for its medicinal properties.[13]

From: Laghu-yoga-vasistha

(1) The protagonist who seeks guidance from Krishna during his moral and existential dilemmas on the battlefield, symbolizing the spiritual seeker.[14]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Garga Samhita (English)

(1) The term refers to Arjuna, a central character in Indian epic literature, and is mentioned as the head of the group experiencing separation.[15] (2) A central character in the Mahabharata who facilitates the union between Kalindi and Lord Krishna.[16] (3) A species of tree contributing to the forest's beauty.[17] (4) A central character in the Mahabharata, identified with the embodiment of Svayambhuva Manu.[18]

From: Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu

(1) The main warrior in the Mahabharata, who receives guidance from Krishna.[19] (2) A character mentioned as one of the friends in the city.[20] (3) A character who, despite being hasty to respond to his enemy, experiences a temporary stillness due to his anger.[21]

From: Chaitanya Bhagavata

(1) A key figure in the Bhagavad-gita to whom Lord Krishna delivers profound philosophical teachings.[22] (2) A key character in the Bhagavad-gita, he is a warrior prince who grapples with moral dilemmas about his duty during the Kurukshetra War.[23]

From: Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary)

(1) A great warrior and associate of Shri Krishna, who also killed demons.[24] (2) The character who is favored by Shri Krishna and has a notable relationship of friendship and familial connection.[25]

From: Prem Sagar (English translation)

(1) Another of Yudhishthira's brothers, noted for his valor and skill in combat.[26]

From: Tiruvaymoli (Thiruvaimozhi): English translation

(1) A principal character in the epic Mahabharata, who experiences the vastness of the divine through the Lord.[27]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Significance in Kavya (poetry):
Kavya Books

From: Kathasaritsagara (the Ocean of Story)

(1) One of the five Pandavas, known for his prowess in archery and winning Draupadi.[28]

Kavya refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or 鈥榚pic poetry鈥� and natya, or 鈥榙ramatic poetry鈥�.

Significance in Ayurveda (science of life):
Ayurveda Books

From: Sushruta Samhita, Volume 6: Uttara-tantra

(1) A single dot or speck on the Sclerotic coat, colored like a drop of hare鈥檚 blood.[29]

Ayurveda is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Ayurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Significance in Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy):
Rasashastra Books

From: Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 2: Minerals (uparasa)

(1) A type of kshara used in the treatment process for mica.[30]

Rasashastra is an important branch of Ayurveda, specialising in chemical interactions with herbs, metals and minerals. Some texts combine yogic and tantric practices with various alchemical operations. The ultimate goal of Rasashastra is not only to preserve and prolong life, but also to bestow wealth upon humankind.

Jain concept of 'Arjuna'

Jainism Books

In Jainism, Arjuna is interpreted as the third son of Pandu and recognized as an extraordinary warrior, symbolizing valor and moral complexity in the context of his ethical struggles throughout the Mahabharata.

Significance in Jainism (general):

From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra

(1) The third son of Pandu, considered an exceptional warrior.[31]

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

The concept of Arjuna in local and regional sources

History Books

Arjuna is a central figure in the Mahabharata, known for his exceptional archery, moral conflicts, and friendship with Krishna. His name also symbolizes fleeing fear, purity, and embodies qualities of courage and loyalty.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: Triveni Journal

(1) A figure whom Narayanan was compared to because of his ambidextrous abilities, able to formulate new approaches and ideas.[32] (2) Arjuna is a central character in the Mahabharata and the recipient of the Gita's teachings, whose moral and spiritual conflicts are addressed within the poem.[33] (3) Individuals referenced as fleeing from fear, suggesting that names can carry meanings beyond their literal interpretation.[34] (4) A hero of the Mahabharata and close friend of Sri Krishna, representing ideal human qualities of bravery and loyalty.[35]

From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda

(1) In the words, "Yield not to unmanliness, O son of Pritha! Ill doth it become thee. Cast off this mean faint-heartedness and arise, O scorcher of shine enemies!" this person is goaded to fight.[36] (2) This individual, in the context of the Gita, performed actions in battle without self-interest, sacrificing desires and the lower self multiple times, as an example of Karma-Yoga.[37] (3) He was the third brother of the Pandavas, who was the hero of the bow and won the hand of Draupadi at the Svayamvara.[38] (4) The person who sees his own friends and relatives on the opposing side and expresses his unwillingness to fight, initiating the Gita.[39]

From: Bhaktavijaya: Stories of Indian Saints

(1) The third Pandava, son of King Pandu and Kunti, known for his exceptional archery skills and significant role in the Mahabharata.[40] (2) The third Pandava, an archer who, aided by Krishna, won Draupadi and played a crucial role in the Mahabharata war.[41]

From: Sanskrit Words In Southeast Asian Languages

(1) This term, from the Oj language, signifies white, a color associated with purity or clarity, and a figure in the Mahabharata story.[42]

From: History of Science in South Asia

(1) Arjuna is highlighted for being an excellent archer, representing skill and precision in combat, and is also linked to Udaya, further showcasing the range of qualities within the context provided.[43]

Plural form: Arjunas.