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Bodhipakkhiya Sangaho

§ 4.

1. Bodhipakkhiyasangahe catt膩ro satipatth膩n膩-k膩y膩nupassan膩-sati辫补迟迟丑腻苍补m, vedan膩nupassan膩-sati辫补迟迟丑腻苍补m, citt膩nupassan膩-sati辫补迟迟丑腻苍补m, dhamm膩nupassan膩-sati辫补迟迟丑腻苍补m.
2. Catt膩ro sammappadh膩n膩 - uppann膩nam p膩pak膩nam pah膩n膩ya v膩y膩mo, anuppann膩nam p膩pak膩nam anupp膩d膩ya v膩y膩mo, anuppann膩nam kusal膩nam upp膩d膩ya v膩y膩mo, uppann膩nam kusal膩nam bhiyyobh膩v膩ya v膩y膩mo.
3. Catt膩ro iddhip膩d膩 - chandidhip膩do, viriyiddhip膩do, cittiddhip膩do, v墨mamsiddhip膩do.
4. Pa帽cindriy膩ni - saddhindriyam, viriyindriyam, satindriyam, 蝉补尘腻诲丑颈ndriyam, pa帽帽indriyam.
5. Pa帽cabal膩ni - saddh膩balam, viriyabalam, satibalam, 蝉补尘腻诲丑颈balam, pa帽帽膩balam.
6. Sattabojjhang膩 - satisambojjhango, dhammavicayasambojjhango, viriyasambojjhango, 辫墨迟颈sambojjhango, passaddhisambojjango, 蝉补尘腻诲丑颈sambojjhango, upekkh膩sambojjhango.
7. Atthamaggang膩ni - samm膩ditthi, samm膩sankappo, samm膩v膩c膩, samm膩kammanto, samm膩j墨vo, samm膩v膩y膩mo, samm膩sati, samm膩蝉补尘腻诲丑颈.

Ettha pana catt膩ro satipatth膩n膩'ti samm膩-sati ek膩'va pavuccati. Tath膩 catt膩ro sammappadh膩n膩'ti ca samm膩v膩y膩mo.

Chando cittam upekkh膩 ca saddh膩-passaddhi-辫墨迟颈yo
Samm膩ditthi ca sankappo v膩y膩mo viratittayam
Samm膩sati sam膩dh墨'ti cuddas'ete sabh膩vato
Sattatimsappabhedena sattadh膩 tattha sangaho.
Sankappa-passadhi ca p墨tupekkh膩 chando ca cittam viratittaya帽 ca
Nav'ekath膩n膩 viriyam nava'attha sati 蝉补尘腻诲丑颈 catu, pa帽ca pa帽帽膩.
Saddh膩 duth膩nuttamasatta-timsaddharnm膩nam'eso pavaro vibh膩go
Sabbe lokuttare honti na v膩 samkappa辫墨迟颈yo
Lokiye'pi yath膩yogam chabbisuddhippavattiyam.

 

(translation) (28)

§ 4.

In the compendium of Factors pertaining to Enlightenment:-

1. There are four Foundations of Mindfulness (29):
   
   1. Mindfulness as regards body,
   2. Mindfulness as regards feelings,
   3. Mindfulness as regards thoughts,
   4. Mindfulness as regards Dhamma. 
2. There are four Supreme Efforts (30):
   
   1. The effort to discard evils that have arisen,
   2. The effort to prevent the arising of unrisen evils,
   3. The effort to develop unrisen good,
   4. The effort to augment arisen good.
3. There are four Means of Accomplishment (31):
   
   1. Will,
   2. Effort,
   3. Thought,
   4. Reason.
4. There are five Faculties (32):
   
   1. Confidence,
   2. Effort,
   3. Mindfulness,
   4. Concentration,
   5. Wisdom.
5. There are five Powers (32):
   
   1. Confidence,
   2. Effort,
   3. Mindfulness,
   4. Concentration.
   5. Wisdom.
6. There are seven Constituents of Enlightenment (33):
   
   1. Mindfulness,
   2. Investigation of the Truth,
   3. Effort,
   4. Rapture,
   5. Quietude,
   6. Concentration,
   7. Equanimity.
7. There are eight Path Constituents (34):
   
   1. Right Understanding,
   2. Right Thoughts,
   3. Right Speech,
   4. Right Action,
   5. Right Livelihood.,
   6. Right Effort,
   7. Right Mindfulness,
   8. Right Concentration.

Here by the four Foundations of Mindfulness, Right Mindfulness alone is implied. Right Effort is implied by the four Supreme Efforts.

The sevenfold compendium which consists of 37 factors, is composed of these fourteen according to their nature: Will, Thought, Equanimity, Confidence, Quietude, Rapture, Right Understanding, Aspirations or Thoughts, Effort, the three Abstinences, Right Mindfulness, and Concentration.

The enumeration of these 37 sublime factors is as follows: Aspirations, Quietude, Rapture, Equanimity, Will, Thought, the three Abstinences, occur once; Effort nine times; Mindfulness eight times; Concentration four times; Wisdom five times; Confidence twice (35).

All these, save at times Aspirations and Rapture, occur in the Supramundane (Consciousness) and in the mundane (consciousness) too, according to circumstances, in the course of sixfold purity.

 

Notes:

28. Bodhipakkhiya - Bodhi means Enlightenment or the aspirant for Enlightenment. Pakkhiya, literally, means 'on the side of'.

29. 厂补迟颈辫补迟迟丑腻苍补 - sati = mindfulness, awareness, or attentiveness; 辫补迟迟丑腻苍补 = establishment, application, foundations, bases. These sati辫补迟迟丑腻苍补s are intended to develop both concentration and insight. Each sati辫补迟迟丑腻苍补 serves a specific purpose. Contemplation on these four leads, on the one hand, to the development of 'undesirableness' (asubha), painfulness (dukkha), impermanence (anicca), and 'soullessness' (补苍补迟迟腻); and, on the other hand, to the eradication of 'desirableness', pleasure, permanence and substantiality.

Briefly, the objects of mindfulness may be divided into 苍腻尘补 and 谤奴辫补. The first - which deals with 谤奴辫补, breath is also regarded as a kind of 谤奴辫补. The second and the third deal with different kinds of feelings and thoughts. The fourth deals with both 苍腻尘补 and 谤奴辫补. Hence it is very difficult to render the P膩li term, Dhamma, used in this connection, by one English equivalent. It is preferable to retain the P膩li term to avoid any misunderstanding.

For details see the 厂补迟颈辫补迟迟丑腻苍补 Sutta and the commentary.

30. 厂补尘尘补辫辫补诲丑腻苍补 (Right exertion) - One mental state - viriya - performs four functions.

31. 滨诲诲丑颈辫腻诲补 - The means of accomplishing one's own end or purpose. Strictly speaking, all these four pertain to the Supramundane Consciousness. Chanda is the mental state 'wish-to-do'. Viriya refers to the four Supreme Efforts. Citta means the Supramundane Consciousness. 痴墨尘补尘蝉腻 signifies the mental state of wisdom present in the Supramundane Consciousness. Only when these four are present in the Supramundane Consciousness are they termed 颈诲诲丑颈辫腻诲补.

32. Indriyas and Balas are identical though different meanings are attached to them.

33. Sambojjhanga - Sam = exalted, good; bodhi = enlightenment or one who is striving for enlightenment; anga = factor. Here dhammavicaya means seeing mind and matter as they truly are. It is insight. By passaddhi are meant both citta-passaddhi and 办腻测补-辫补蝉蝉补诲诲丑颈 mental states. 鲍辫别办办丑腻 does not mean hedonic indifference but mental equipoise known as 迟补迟谤补尘补箩箩丑补迟迟补迟腻. Dhammavicaya, viriya, and 辫墨迟颈 are opposed to 迟丑墨苍补-尘颈诲诲丑补 (sloth and torpor); passaddhi, 蝉补尘腻诲丑颈, and 耻辫别办办丑腻, to uddhacca (restlessness).

34. 惭补驳驳补苍驳腻苍颈 - According to the commentaries, here magga is used in two different senses, namely, 'that which is sought by those who strive for Nibb膩na', or 'that which goes by killing the passions' (nibb膩natthikehi magg墨yat墨'ti v膩 kilese m膩rento gacchat墨' ti maggo). Evidently this particular definition has been given to differentiate the noble Eightfold Path from an ordinary one.

Strictly speaking, these eight factors connote eight mental states collectively found in the supramundane consciousness that has Nibb膩na for its object.

厂补尘尘腻-诲颈迟迟丑颈 is rendered by Right Understanding, Right Views, Right Beliefs, Right Knowledge. 厂补尘尘腻-诲颈迟迟丑颈 is explained as the knowledge of the four Noble Truths. In other words, it is the understanding of one's personality as it really, is or of things as they truly are. According to Abhidhamma, it is the mental state of wisdom (辫补帽帽腻) that tends to eradicate ignorance (补惫颈箩箩腻). It is placed first because all actions should be regulated by wisdom. Right Understanding leads to Right Thoughts.

厂补尘尘腻-蝉补苍办补辫辫补 is rendered by Thoughts, Aspirations, Intentions, Ideas. According to Abhidhamma it is the mental state of vitakka (application) that directs the mind to Nibb膩na, eliminating the evil thoughts of sense-desires (办腻尘补), ill will (惫测腻辫腻诲补) and cruelty (丑颈尘蝉腻), by cultivating the good thoughts of renunciation (nekkhamma), loving-kindness (补惫测腻辫腻诲补), and harmlessness (补惫颈丑颈尘蝉腻).

The first two constituents are grouped in wisdom (辫补帽帽腻).

Right Thoughts lead to Right Speech, Right Action, and Right Livelihood. These three constitute 蝉墨濒补 or Morality.

厂补尘尘腻-惫腻肠腻 signifies abstinence from lying, slandering, harsh speech, and frivolous talk.

厂补尘尘腻-办补尘尘补苍迟补 deals with abstinence from killing, stealing, and misconduct.

厂补尘尘腻-箩墨惫补 is twofold. It deals with right livelihood of both Bhikkhus and laymen. The latter are prohibited from trading in arms, slaves, intoxicants, animals for slaughter, and poison.

The three mental states of 'Abstinences' (virati) are implied by these three constituents.

厂补尘尘腻-惫腻测腻尘补 signifies the four Supreme Efforts mentioned above.

厂补尘尘腻-蝉补迟颈 denotes the four kinds of Mindfulness mentioned above.

厂补尘尘腻-蝉补尘腻诲丑颈 is concentration or the 'one pointedness of the mind'. It is the mental state of '别办补驳驳补迟腻'.

The last three are included in 蝉补尘腻诲丑颈 or concentration.

The eight constituents comprise Morality, Concentration, and Wisdom or Insight.

35. Effort (viriya) occurs nine times as follows:

4 Supreme Efforts, 1 Means of Accomplishment, 1 Controlling Factor, 1 Power, 1 Constituent of Enlightenment, 1 Right Effort.

Mindfulness (sati) occurs eight times as follows:

4 Foundations of Mindfulness, 1 Controlling Factor; 1 Power, 1 Constituent of Enlightenment, 1 Right Mindfulness.

Concentration (蝉补尘腻诲丑颈) occurs four times as follows:

1 Controlling Factor, 1 Power, 1 Constituent of Enlightenment, and 1 Right Mindfulness.

Wisdom (辫补帽帽腻) occurs five times as follows:

1 Means of Accomplishment, 1 Controlling Factor 1 Power, 1 Constituent of Enlightenment, and 1 Right Understanding.

Confidence (蝉补诲诲丑腻) occurs twice as follows:

1 Controlling Factor, 1 Power.

When the Supramundane Consciousness based on the second 箩丑腻苍补 is gained, there is no vitakka. When it is gained based on the fourth and fifth 箩丑腻苍补s, there is no 辫墨迟颈.

These 37 factors are collectively found only in the Supramundane Consciousness, but in the mundane separately according to the type of consciousness.